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In the flexible list coloring problem, we consider a graph $G$ and a color list assignment $L$ on $G$, as well as a subset $U \subseteq V(G)$ for which each $u \in U$ has a preferred color $p(u) \in L(u)$. Our goal is to find a proper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-29 Richard Bi , Peter Bradshaw

Graph coloring is one of the central problems in distributed graph algorithms. Much of the research on this topic has focused on coloring with $\Delta+1$ colors, where $\Delta$ denotes the maximum degree. Using $\Delta+1$ colors may be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-24 Mohsen Ghaffari , Christiana Lymouri

We prove that for every $d\in \mathbb{N}$ and a graph class of bounded expansion $\mathscr{C}$, there exists some $c\in \mathbb{N}$ so that every graph from $\mathscr{C}$ admits a proper coloring with at most $c$ colors satisfying the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-22 Michał Pilipczuk

Proper conflict-free coloring is an intermediate notion between proper coloring of a graph and proper coloring of its square. It is a proper coloring such that for every non-isolated vertex, there exists a color appearing exactly once in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Chun-Hung Liu

A conflict-free k-coloring of a graph assigns one of k different colors to some of the vertices such that, for every vertex v, there is a color that is assigned to exactly one vertex among v and v's neighbors. Such colorings have…

Fix $d\ge2$ and consider a uniformly random set $P$ of $n$ points in $[0,1]^{d}$. Let $G$ be the Hasse diagram of $P$ (with respect to the coordinatewise partial order), or alternatively let $G$ be the Delaunay graph of $P$ with respect to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Zhihan Jin , Matthew Kwan , Lyuben Lichev

The distinguishing chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted $\chi_D(G)$, is the minimum number of colours in a proper vertex colouring of $G$ that is preserved by the identity automorphism only. Collins and Trenk proved that $\chi_D(G)\le…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Christoph Brause , Rafał Kalinowski , Monika Pilśniak , Ingo Schiemeyer

The chromatic threshold $\delta_\chi(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the infimum of $d>0$ such that the chromatic number of every $n$-vertex $H$-free graph with minimum degree at least $dn$ is bounded in terms of $H$ and $d$. A breakthrough result of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Zhuo Wu , Yisai Xue

Brooks' Theorem states that a connected graph $G$ of maximum degree $\Delta$ has chromatic number at most $\Delta$, unless $G$ is an odd cycle or a complete graph. A result of Johansson (1996) shows that if $G$ is triangle-free, then the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-25 Ararat Harutyunyan , Bojan Mohar

Problem of finding an optimal upper bound for the chromatic no. of 3K1-free graphs is still open and pretty hard. It was proved by Choudum et al that an upper bound on the chromatic no. of {3K1, K1+C4}-free graphs, is 2{\omega}. We improve…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-18 Medha Dhurandhar

Let $D$ be a digraph. Its acyclic number $\vec{\alpha}(D)$ is the maximum order of an acyclic induced subdigraph and its dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(D)$ is the least integer $k$ such that $V(D)$ can be partitioned into $k$ subsets…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Pierre Aboulker , Frédéric Havet , François Pirot , Juliette Schabanel

Brooks' Theorem is a fundamental result on graph colouring, stating that the chromatic number of a graph is almost always upper bounded by its maximal degree. Lov\'asz showed that such a colouring may then be computed in linear time when it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-28 Daniel Gonçalves , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta , Amadeus Reinald

A graph is (m,k)-colourable if its vertices can be coloured with m colours such that the maximum degree of the subgraph induced on the set of all vertices receiving the same colour is at most k. The k-defective chromatic number $\chi_k(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-20 Nirmala Achuthan , N. R. Achuthan , G. Keady

Graph coloring is fundamental to distributed computing. We give the first sub-logarithmic distributed algorithm for coloring cluster graphs. These graphs are obtained from the underlying communication network by contracting nodes and edges,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Maxime Flin , Magnus M. Halldorsson , Alexandre Nolin

An exact $(k,d)$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a coloring of its vertices with $k$ colors such that each vertex $v$ is adjacent to exactly $d$ vertices having the same color as $v$. The exact $d$-defective chromatic number, denoted…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-09-14 James Cumberbatch , Juho Lauri , Christodoulos Mitillos

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring in which every color class is an induced matching, and the strong chromatic index $\chi_s'(G)$ is the minimum number of colors needed in strong edge-colorings of $G$. A graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Gexin Yu , Rachel Yu

We introduce a dense counterpart of graph degeneracy, which extends the recently-proposed invariant symmetric difference. We say that a graph has sd-degeneracy (for symmetric-difference degeneracy) at most $d$ if it admits an elimination…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Édouard Bonnet , Julien Duron , John Sylvester , Viktor Zamaraev

The `Conflict-Free Open (Closed) Neighborhood coloring', abbreviated CFON (CFCN) coloring, of a graph $G$ using $r$ colors is a coloring of the vertices of $G$ such that every vertex sees some color exactly once in its open (closed)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-24 Sriram Bhyravarapu , Subrahmanyam Kalyanasundaram , Rogers Mathew

We define the $d$-defective incidence chromatic number of a graph, generalizing the notion of incidence chromatic number, and determine it for some classes of graphs including trees, complete bipartite graphs, complete graphs, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-09 Huimin Bi , Xin Zhang

We prove that the vertices of every $(r + 1)$-uniform hypergraph with maximum degree $\Delta$ may be coloured with $c(\frac{\Delta}{d + 1})^{1/r}$ colours such that each vertex is in at most $d$ monochromatic edges. This result, which is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-17 António Girão , Freddie Illingworth , Alex Scott , David R. Wood
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