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Android devices are equipped with many pre-installed applications which have the capability of tracking and monitoring users. Although applications coming pre-installed pose a great danger to user security and privacy, they have received…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Abdullah Ozbay , Kemal Bicakci

Various industries have widely adopted Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies to enhance productivity and user experiences. However, their integration introduces significant security challenges. This systematic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Sarina Dastgerdy

Human cognition significantly influences expressed behavior and is intrinsically tied to authentic personality traits. Personality assessment plays a pivotal role in various fields, including psychology, education, social media, etc.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Xintong Zhang , Di Lu , Huiqi Hu , Nan Jiang , Xianhao Yu , Jinan Xu , Yujia Peng , Qing Li , Wenjuan Han

Modern Vision-Language Models (VLMs) pose significant individual-level privacy risks by linking fragmented multimodal data to identifiable individuals through hierarchical chain-of-thought reasoning. However, existing privacy benchmarks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Xiongtao Sun , Hui Li , Jiaming Zhang , Yujie Yang , Kaili Liu , Ruxin Feng , Wen Jun Tan , Wei Yang Bryan Lim

Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a transformative technology across industries, yet its security weaknesses, including vulnerabilities, are underinvestigated. This study investigates 334 VR projects hosted on GitHub, examining 1,681…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yifan Xu , Jinfu Chen , Zhenyu Qi , Huashan Chen , Junyi Wang , Pengfei Hu , Feng Liu , Sen He

Sensitive inferences and user re-identification are major threats to privacy when raw sensor data from wearable or portable devices are shared with cloud-assisted applications. To mitigate these threats, we propose mechanisms to transform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Mohammad Malekzadeh , Richard G. Clegg , Andrea Cavallaro , Hamed Haddadi

Mobile applications increasingly rely on sensor data to infer user context and deliver personalized experiences. Yet the mechanisms behind this personalization remain opaque to users and researchers alike. This paper presents a sandbox…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ibrahim Khalilov , Chaoran Chen , Ziang Xiao , Tianshi Li , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Yaxing Yao

Facial motion capture in mixed reality headsets enables real-time avatar animation, allowing users to convey non-verbal cues during virtual interactions. However, as facial motion data constitutes a behavioral biometric, its use raises…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Adriano Castro , Simon Hanisch , Matin Fallahi , Thorsten Strufe

The proliferation of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) introduces profound privacy risks from personal videos. This paper addresses the critical yet unexplored inferential privacy threat, the risk of inferring sensitive personal attributes over…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Shuning Zhang , Zhaoxin Li , Changxi Wen , Ying Ma , Simin Li , Gengrui Zhang , Ziyi Zhang , Yibo Meng , Hantao Zhao , Xin Yi , Hewu Li

Virtual Reality (VR) has gained popularity by providing immersive and interactive experiences without geographical limitations. It also provides a sense of personal privacy through physical separation. In this paper, we show that despite…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Zhuolin Yang , Zain Sarwar , Iris Hwang , Ronik Bhaskar , Ben Y. Zhao , Haitao Zheng

User profiling from user generated content (UGC) is a common practice that supports the business models of many social media companies. Existing systems require that the UGC is fully exposed to the module that constructs the user profiles.…

In recent years, VR and AR has exploded into a multimillionaire market. As this emerging technology has spread to a variety of businesses and is rapidly increasing among users. It is critical to address potential privacy and security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Parth Dipakkumar Patel , Prem Trivedi

One of the main challenges of social interaction in virtual reality settings is that head-mounted displays occlude a large portion of the face, blocking facial expressions and thereby restricting social engagement cues among users. Hence,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Steven Hickson , Nick Dufour , Avneesh Sud , Vivek Kwatra , Irfan Essa

Many robots (e.g., iRobot's Roomba) operate based on visual observations from live video streams, and such observations may inadvertently include privacy-sensitive objects, such as personal identifiers. Existing approaches for preserving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Minkyu Choi , Yunhao Yang , Neel P. Bhatt , Kushagra Gupta , Sahil Shah , Aditya Rai , David Fridovich-Keil , Ufuk Topcu , Sandeep P. Chinchali

Autonomous driving research currently faces data sparsity in representation of risky scenarios. Such data is both difficult to obtain ethically in the real world, and unreliable to obtain via simulation. Recent advances in virtual reality…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Laura Zheng , Julio Poveda , James Mullen , Shreelekha Revankar , Ming C. Lin

Digital privacy notices aim to provide users with information to make informed decisions. They are, however, fraught with difficulties. Instead, I propose that data privacy decisions can be understood as an expression of user values. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Sarah E. Carter

Photorealistic 3D avatar generation has rapidly improved in recent years, and realistic avatars that match a user's true appearance are more feasible in Mixed Reality (MR) than ever before. Yet, there are known risks to sharing one's…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Ethan Wilson , Vincent Bindschaedler , Sophie Jörg , Sean Sheikholeslam , Kevin Butler , Eakta Jain

With the development of foundation AI technologies, task-executable voice assistants (VAs) have become more popular, enhancing user convenience and expanding device functionality. Android task-executable VAs are applications that are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shidong Pan , Yikai Ge , Xiaoyu Sun

In recent years, social virtual reality (VR), sometimes described as the "metaverse," has become widely available. With its potential comes risks, including risks to privacy. To understand these risks, we study the identifiability of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Mark Roman Miller , Eugy Han , Cyan DeVeaux , Eliot Jones , Ryan Chen , Jeremy N. Bailenson

As Mixed Reality (MR) devices become increasingly popular across industries, they raise significant privacy and ethical concerns due to their capacity to collect extensive data on users and their environments. This paper highlights the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Marvin Strauss , Viktorija Paneva , Florian Alt , Stefan Schneegass