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LLMs have been shown to perform well in machine translation (MT) with the use of in-context learning (ICL), rivaling supervised models when translating into high-resource languages (HRLs). However, they lag behind when translating into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Armel Zebaze , Benoît Sagot , Rachel Bawden

Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown rapid improvements in reasoning capabilities, driven largely by reinforcement learning (RL) with verifiable rewards. Here, we ask whether these LLMs can self-improve without the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yufan Zhuang , Chandan Singh , Liyuan Liu , Yelong Shen , Dinghuai Zhang , Jingbo Shang , Jianfeng Gao , Weizhu Chen

We present a new approach called MeritOpt based on the Personalized Federated Learning algorithm MeritFed that can be applied to Natural Language Tasks with heterogeneous data. We evaluate it on the Low-Resource Machine Translation task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Viktor Moskvoretskii , Nazarii Tupitsa , Chris Biemann , Samuel Horváth , Eduard Gorbunov , Irina Nikishina

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) can improve the quality of large language model's (LLM) outputs by aligning them with human preferences. We propose a simple algorithm for aligning LLMs with human preferences inspired by…

Extractive Reading Comprehension (ERC) has made tremendous advances enabled by the availability of large-scale high-quality ERC training data. Despite of such rapid progress and widespread application, the datasets in languages other than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Gaochen Wu , Bin Xu , Yuxin Qin , Fei Kong , Bangchang Liu , Hongwen Zhao , Dejie Chang

In this paper, we propose a novel finetuning algorithm for the recently introduced multi-way, mulitlingual neural machine translate that enables zero-resource machine translation. When used together with novel many-to-one translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-15 Orhan Firat , Baskaran Sankaran , Yaser Al-Onaizan , Fatos T. Yarman Vural , Kyunghyun Cho

Simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) generates translation while reading the whole source sentence. However, existing SiMT models are typically trained using the same reference disregarding the varying amounts of available source…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Shoutao Guo , Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

We propose a new paradigm for machine translation that is particularly useful for no-resource languages (those without any publicly available bilingual or monolingual corpora): LLM-RBMT (LLM-Assisted Rule Based Machine Translation). Using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Jared Coleman , Bhaskar Krishnamachari , Khalil Iskarous , Ruben Rosales

Low-resource target-language generation is often limited by scarce parallel data, while high-resource source-language monolingual data is abundant but difficult to use with standard supervised fine-tuning. We propose Source-Grounded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zeli Su , Ziyin Zhang , Zewei Pan , Zhou Liu , Dingcheng Huang , Dehan Li , Zhankai Xu , Longfei Zheng , Xiaolu Zhang , Jun Zhou , Wentao Zhang

Previously, neural methods in grammatical error correction (GEC) did not reach state-of-the-art results compared to phrase-based statistical machine translation (SMT) baselines. We demonstrate parallels between neural GEC and low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt , Roman Grundkiewicz , Shubha Guha , Kenneth Heafield

We leverage embedding duplication between aligned sub-words to extend the Parent-Child transfer learning method, so as to improve low-resource machine translation. We conduct experiments on benchmark datasets of My-En, Id-En and Tr-En…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Minhan Xu , Yu Hong

This paper proposes a novel method for Text Style Transfer (TST) based on parameter-efficient fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs). Addressing the scarcity of parallel corpora that map between styles, the study employs roundtrip…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ruoxi Liu , Philipp Koehn

Although Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models have advanced state-of-the-art performance in machine translation, they face problems like the inadequate translation. We attribute this to that the standard Maximum Likelihood Estimation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Xiang Kong , Zhaopeng Tu , Shuming Shi , Eduard Hovy , Tong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) typically receive diverse natural language (NL) feedback through interaction with the environment. However, current reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms rely solely on scalar rewards, leaving the rich…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Lei Huang , Xiang Cheng , Chenxiao Zhao , Guobin Shen , Junjie Yang , Xiaocheng Feng , Yuxuan Gu , Xing Yu , Bing Qin

Large language models (LLMs) implicitly learn to perform a range of language tasks, including machine translation (MT). Previous studies explore aspects of LLMs' MT capabilities. However, there exist a wide variety of languages for which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Nathaniel R. Robinson , Perez Ogayo , David R. Mortensen , Graham Neubig

Massively multilingual models for neural machine translation (NMT) are theoretically attractive, but often underperform bilingual models and deliver poor zero-shot translations. In this paper, we explore ways to improve them. We argue that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Biao Zhang , Philip Williams , Ivan Titov , Rico Sennrich

Looped Language Models (LoopLMs) perform multi-step latent reasoning prior to token generation and outperform conventional LLMs on reasoning benchmarks at smaller parameter budgets. However, attempts to further improve LoopLM reasoning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jonathan Williams , Esin Tureci

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has recently strengthened LLM reasoning, but its focus on final answer correctness leaves a critical gap: it does not ensure the robustness of the reasoning process itself. We adopt a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Hyunseok Lee , Soheil Abbasloo , Jihoon Tack , Jinwoo Shin

Despite the recent popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Machine Translation (MT), their performance in low-resource languages (LRLs) still lags significantly behind Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models. In this work, we explore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Vivek Iyer , Bhavitvya Malik , Pavel Stepachev , Pinzhen Chen , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is a new approach for Machine Translation (MT), and due to its success, it has absorbed the attention of many researchers in the field. In this paper, we study NMT model on Persian-English language pairs, to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-10 Mohaddeseh Bastan , Shahram Khadivi , Mohammad Mehdi Homayounpour