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Doctor-patient consultations require multi-turn, context-aware communication tailored to diverse patient personas. Training or evaluating doctor LLMs in such settings requires realistic patient interaction systems. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Daeun Kyung , Hyunseung Chung , Seongsu Bae , Jiho Kim , Jae Ho Sohn , Taerim Kim , Soo Kyung Kim , Edward Choi

Synthetic data generation with Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising solution in the medical domain to mitigate data scarcity and privacy constraints. However, existing approaches remain constrained by their derivative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yunghwei Lai , Ziyue Wang , Weizhi Ma , Yang Liu

LLM-based client simulation has emerged as a promising tool for training novice counselors and evaluating automated counseling systems. However, existing client simulation approaches face three key challenges: (1) limited diversity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Huachuan Qiu , Zhaoming Chen , Yuqian Chen , Yuan Xie , Yu Lu , Zhenzhong Lan

Artificial intelligence has significantly advanced healthcare, particularly through large language models (LLMs) that excel in medical question answering benchmarks. However, their real-world clinical application remains limited due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Zhihao Fan , Jialong Tang , Wei Chen , Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei , Jun Xi , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

Simulated Patients (SPs) play a crucial role in clinical medical education by providing realistic scenarios for student practice. However, the high cost of training and hiring qualified SPs, along with the heavy workload and potential risks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Yanzeng Li , Cheng Zeng , Jialun Zhong , Ruoyu Zhang , Minhao Zhang , Lei Zou

Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) are essential for medical training, but they require significant resources, including professional actors and expert medical feedback. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have introduced…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Henrik Voigt , Yurina Sugamiya , Kai Lawonn , Sina Zarrieß , Atsuo Takanishi

The application of the Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in medical clinical scenarios remains underexplored. Previous benchmarks only focus on the capacity of the MLLMs in medical visual question-answering (VQA) or report…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Hongcheng Liu , Yusheng Liao , Siqv Ou , Yuhao Wang , Heyang Liu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Training mental health clinicians to conduct standardized clinical assessments is challenging due to a lack of scalable, realistic practice opportunities, which can impact data quality in clinical trials. To address this gap, we introduce a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Veronica Bossio Botero , Vijay Yadav , Jacob Ouyang , Anzar Abbas , Michelle Worthington

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in role-playing scenarios, particularly in simulating domain-specific experts using tailored prompts. This ability enables LLMs to adopt the persona of individuals with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Xinyao Ma , Rui Zhu , Zihao Wang , Jingwei Xiong , Qingyu Chen , Haixu Tang , L. Jean Camp , Lucila Ohno-Machado

In this work, we introduce MedAgentSim, an open-source simulated clinical environment with doctor, patient, and measurement agents designed to evaluate and enhance LLM performance in dynamic diagnostic settings. Unlike prior approaches, our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Mohammad Almansoori , Komal Kumar , Hisham Cholakkal

With the proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in diverse domains, there is a particular need for unified evaluation standards in clinical medical scenarios, where models need to be examined very thoroughly. We present CliMedBench,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Zetian Ouyang , Yishuai Qiu , Linlin Wang , Gerard de Melo , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Liang He

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for medical consultation and health information support. In this high-stakes setting, safety depends not only on medical knowledge, but also on how models respond when patient inputs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yahan Li , Xinyi Jie , Wanjia Ruan , Xubei Zhang , Huaijie Zhu , Yicheng Gao , Chaohao Du , Ruishan Liu

This study introduces a transformative framework for medical education by integrating semi-structured data with Large Language Models (LLMs), primarily OpenAIs ChatGPT3.5, to automate the creation of medical simulation scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Scott Sumpter

We introduce NoteChat, a novel cooperative multi-agent framework leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate patient-physician dialogues. NoteChat embodies the principle that an ensemble of role-specific LLMs, through structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Junda Wang , Zonghai Yao , Zhichao Yang , Huixue Zhou , Rumeng Li , Xun Wang , Yucheng Xu , Hong Yu

Patient simulation is essential for developing and evaluating mental health dialogue systems. As most existing approaches rely on snapshot-style prompts with limited profile information, homogeneous behaviors and incoherent disease…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Baihan Li , Bingrui Jin , Kunyao Lan , Ming Wang , Mengyue Wu

Psychotherapy is a primary treatment for many mental health conditions, yet the interplay among therapist behaviors, client responses, and the therapeutic relationship remains difficult to untangle. This work advances a computational…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Angela Chen , Siwei Jin , Canwen Wang , Holly Swartz , Tongshuang Wu , Robert E Kraut , Haiyi Zhu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown outstanding potential for role-playing applications. Evaluating these capabilities is becoming crucial yet remains challenging. Existing benchmarks mostly adopt a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hao Xiang , Tianyi Tang , Yang Su , Bowen Yu , An Yang , Fei Huang , Yichang Zhang , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Jingren Zhou , Junyang Lin , Le Sun

Medicine is an empirical discipline refined through long-term observation and the messy, high-variance reality of clinical practice. Physicians build diagnostic and therapeutic competence through repeated cycles of application, reflection,…

Effective patient-provider communication is difficult to assess at scale. We examine whether large language models (LLMs) can track 20 social behaviors from clinical transcripts without fine-tuning. Across three model families and multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Manas Satish Bedmutha , Feng Chen , Andrea Hartzler , Trevor Cohen , Nadir Weibel

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enabled the development of specialized AI agents with domain-specific reasoning and interaction capabilities, particularly in healthcare. While recent frameworks simulate medical decision-making,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Tianqi Shang , Weiqing He , Charles Zheng , Lingyao Li , Li Shen , Bingxin Zhao
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