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Solving mathematical equations faster and more efficiently has been a Holy Grail for centuries for scientists and engineers across all disciplines. While electronic digital circuits have revolutionized equation solving in recent decades, it…

Photonic chip design has seen significant advancements with the adoption of inverse design methodologies, offering flexibility and efficiency in optimizing device performance. However, the black-box nature of the optimization approaches,…

Integrated optics are used to achieve astronomical interferometry inside robust and compact materials, improving the instruments stability and sensitivity. In order to perform differential phase measurements at the H$\alpha$ line (656.3 nm)…

Efficient switching and routing of photons of different wavelengths is a requirement for realizing a quantum internet. Multimode optomechanical systems can solve this technological challenge and enable studies of fundamental science…

Photonic integrated circuits are facilitating the development of optical neural networks, which have the potential to be both faster and more energy efficient than their electronic counterparts since optical signals are especially…

It has been recently demonstrated that integrated optics could enhance accuracy, stability, and ease of use of stellar interferometry techniques. The subject of this thesis is the study of an optical component based on singlemode waveguides…

Optical computing with integrated photonics brings a pivotal paradigm shift to data-intensive computing technologies. However, the scaling of on-chip photonic architectures using spatially distributed schemes faces the challenge imposed by…

Miniaturized on-chip spectrometers with small footprints, lightweight, and low cost are in great demand for portable optical sensing, lab-on-chip systems, and so on. Such miniaturized spectrometers are usually based on engineered spectral…

We experimentally demonstrate an all-optical programmable thresholder on a silicon photonic circuit. By exploiting the nonlinearities in a resonator-enhanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), the proposed optical thresholder can…

We report a theoretical study of clusters of evanescently-coupled 2D whispering-gallery (WG) mode optical micro-cavities (termed "photonic molecules") as chemosensing and biosensing platforms. Photonic molecules (PMs) supporting modes with…

Accurate and efficient wave-optics simulation of partially coherent light transport systems is critical for the design of advanced optical systems, ranging from computational lithography to diffraction-limited storage rings (DLSR). However,…

We demonstrate a novel mesh of interferometers for programmable optical processors. Employing an efficient programming scheme, the proposed architecture improves energy efficiency by 83% maintaining the same computation accuracy for weight…

We present an experiment based on a fibered Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The aim is to familiarize students with fibered optics and interferometry, and to improve their understanding of optical amplification. The laboratory project has two…

Linear transformations are cornerstone operations utilized in modern computing, but are computationally expensive on current electronic platforms. Optical computing has been positioned as a new computing solution, promising high speed and…

Optical chips for quantum photonics are cutting-edge technology, merging photonics and quantum mechanics to manipulate light at the quantum level. These chips are crucial for advancing quantum computing, secure communication, and precision…

In absence of a lens to form an image, incoherent or partially coherent light scattering off an obstructive or reflective object forms a broad intensity distribution in the far field with only feeble spatial features. We show here that…

We present a detailed investigation of the coherence properties of beam splitters and Mach-Zehnder interferometers for guided atoms. It is demonstrated that such a setup permits coherent wave packet splitting and leads to the appearance of…

Quantum optics plays a crucial role in developing quantum computers on different platforms. In photonics, precise control over light's degrees of freedom, including discrete variables (polarization, photon number, orbital angular momentum)…

High coherence visible and near-visible laser sources are centrally important to the operation of advanced position/navigation/timing systems as well as classical/quantum sensing systems. However, the complexity and size of these bench-top…

We introduce a simple and flexible method to generate spatially non-Markovian light with tunable coherence properties in one and two dimensions. The unusual behavior of this light is demonstrated experimentally by probing the far field and…