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Isolated attosecond pulses (IAPs) produced through laser-driven high-harmonic generation (HHG) hold promise for unprecedented insight into biological processes via attosecond x-ray diffraction with tabletop sources. However, efficient…

High-order harmonic generation driven by intense extreme ultraviolet (EUV) fields merges quantum optics and attosecond science, giving rise to an appealing route for the generation of coherent EUV and soft X-ray light for high-resolution…

We investigate, by solving the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation in the single-active-electron approximation in helium, a two-color scheme for tabletop high-order harmonic generation (HHG) that combines a mid-infrared (MIR) driving…

Attosecond pulses produced by High-order Harmonic Generation (HHG) in gases driven by intense laser fields have become a cornerstone technique for probing ultrafast electronic motion in matter. These applications require a good knowledge of…

We present the experimental realization of spectrally tunable, ultrashort, quasi-monochromatic extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses generated at 100 kHz repetition rate in a user-oriented gas high harmonic generation (GHHG) beamline of the…

The generation and control of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation by high harmonic generation (HHG) have advanced ultrafast science, providing direct insights into electron dynamics on their natural time scale. Attosecond science has…

High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a highly nonlinear optical process that typically requires an intense laser to trigger emissions at integer multiples of the driving field frequency. However, the strong fields required for conventional HHG…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-05 Lu Wang , Andrew M. Parks , Adam Thorpe , Graeme Bart , Giulio Vampa , Thomas Brabec

High-order harmonic generation from atomic systems is considered in the crossed fields of a relativistically strong infrared laser and a weak attosecond-pulse train of soft x-rays. Due to one-photon ionization by the x-ray pulse, the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Michael Klaiber , Karen Z. Hatsagortsyan , Carsten Müller , Christoph H. Keitel

With the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from plasma sur- faces it is possible to turn a laser pulse into a train of attosecond or even zeptosecond pulses in the backward radiation. These attosecond pulses may have amplitude several…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-11-03 Mykyta Cherednychek , Alexander Pukhov

The duration of isolated attosecond pulses created via high-order harmonic generation is determined by the number of optical cycles in the driving laser. Achieving shorter attosecond soft X-ray pulses requires minimizing the number of…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-03 Kaito Nishimiya , Rambabu Rajpoot , Eiji J Takahashi

High-harmonic generation (HHG) from a compact, solid-state medium is highly desirable for applications such as coherent attosecond pulse generation and extreme ultra-violet (EUV) spectroscopy, yet the typically weak conversion of pump light…

The observation of non-perturbative harmonic emission in solids from ultrashort laser pulses [1] sparked a wave of studies [2,3] as a probe of charge carrier dynamics in solids under strong fields and a route to extreme ultraviolet (XUV)…

We present the main features of CITIUS, a new light source for ultrafast science, generating tunable, intense, femtosecond pulses in the spectral range from IR to XUV. The XUV pulses (about 10^5-10^8 photons/pulse in the range 14-80 eV) are…

We employ the R-matrix with time-dependence method to investigate extreme-ultraviolet-initiated high-harmonic generation (XIHHG) in Ar$^{+}$. Using a combination of extreme-ultraviolet (XUV, $92\textrm{ nm}$, $3\times…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 D. D. A. Clarke , H. W. van der Hart , A. C. Brown

We suggest a technique to amplify a train of attosecond pulses, produced by high-harmonic generation (HHG) of an infrared (IR) laser field, in an active medium of a plasma-based X-ray laser. This technique is based on modulation of…

We review the main research directions ongoing in the development of high-harmonic generation-based extreme ultraviolet sources for the synthesization and application of trains and isolated attosecond pulses to time-resolved spectroscopy. A…

We present observations of the emission of XUV continua in the 20-37 eV region by high harmonic generation (HHG) with $4$-$7\ \mathrm{fs}$ pulses focused onto a Kr gas jet. The underlying mechanism relies on coherent control of the relative…

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) provides a broad spectral bandwidth for synthesizing attosecond pulses. However, in the current HHG schemes, only part of the harmonics can be phase-locked, which limits the ability to achieve shorter…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-18 ShiJun Wang , XuanYang Lai , XiaoJun Liu

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in the relativistic regime is employed to obtain zeptosecond pulses of $\gamma$-rays. The harmonics are generated from atomic systems in counterpropagating strong attosecond laser pulse trains of linear…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2007-07-20 Michael Klaiber , Karen Z. Hatsagortsyan , Christoph H. Keitel

High harmonic generation (HHG) enables extreme ultraviolet radiation with table-top setups. Its exceptional properties, such as coherence and (sub)-femtosecond pulse durations, have led to a diversity of applications. Some of these require…