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Traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffers from replicating human-like behaviors, generalizing effectively in multi-agent scenarios, and overcoming inherent interpretability issues.These tasks are compounded when deep environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Miao Zhang , Zhenlong Fang , Tianyi Wang , Qian Zhang , Shuai Lu , Junfeng Jiao , Tianyu Shi

The rapid advancement of chat-based language models has led to remarkable progress in complex task-solving. However, their success heavily relies on human input to guide the conversation, which can be challenging and time-consuming. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Guohao Li , Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Hani Itani , Dmitrii Khizbullin , Bernard Ghanem

The evaluation of large language models (LLMs) has predominantly relied on static datasets, which offer limited scalability and fail to capture the evolving reasoning capabilities of recent models. To overcome these limitations, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Seungdong Yoa , Sanghyu Yoon , Suhee Yoon , Dongmin Kim , Ye Seul Sim , Junhyun Lee , Woohyung Lim

We propose MORAL (a multimodal reinforcement learning framework for decision making in autonomous laboratories) that enhances sequential decision-making in autonomous robotic laboratories through the integration of visual and textual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Natalie Tirabassi , Sathish A. P. Kumar , Sumit Jha , Arvind Ramanathan

We present M^3-Bench, the first benchmark for evaluating multimodal tool use under the Model Context Protocol. The benchmark targets realistic, multi-hop and multi-threaded workflows that require visual grounding and textual reasoning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yang Zhou , Mingyu Zhao , Zhenting Wang , Difei Gu , Bangwei Guo , Ruosong Ye , Ligong Han , Can Jin , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Hundreds of benchmarks dedicated to evaluating large models have been presented over the past few years. However, most of them remain closed-ended and are prone to overfitting due to the potential data contamination. Moreover, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zijian Chen , Yuze Sun , Yuan Tian , Wenjun Zhang , Guangtao Zhai

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly serve as personal assistants and workplace collaborators, where their utility depends on memory systems that extract, retrieve, and apply information across long-running conversations. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jingbo Yang , Kwei-Herng Lai , Xiaowen Wang , Shiyu Chang , Yaar Harari , Evgeniy Gabrilovich

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in general natural language processing tasks but often fall short in complex reasoning tasks. Recent studies have explored human-like problem-solving strategies, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zhenran Xu , Senbao Shi , Baotian Hu , Jindi Yu , Dongfang Li , Min Zhang , Yuxiang Wu

The advent of complex, interconnected long-horizon LLM systems has made it incredibly tricky to identify where and when these systems break down. Evaluation capabilities that currently exist today are limited in that they often focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chenyang Zhu , Spencer Hong , Jingyu Wu , Kushal Chawla , Charlotte Tang , Youbing Yin , Nathan Wolfe , Erin Babinsky , Daben Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) with API-calling capabilities enabled building effective Language Agents (LA), while also revolutionizing the conventional task-oriented dialogue (TOD) paradigm. However, current approaches face a critical…

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential as agents for tool invocation due to their advanced comprehension and planning capabilities. Users increasingly rely on LLM-based agents to solve complex missions through iterative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Peijie Yu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Haorui Wang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL), large language models (LLMs), and vision-language models (VLMs) have been widely studied in isolation. However, existing infrastructure lacks the ability to deploy agents from different decision-making paradigms…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as one of the most significant technological advancements in artificial intelligence in recent years. Their ability to understand, generate, and reason with natural language has transformed how we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Yanfei Zhang

Large language model (LLM) agents with tool-calling capabilities are increasingly deployed in production systems, yet a fundamental reliability question remains under-explored: does the same agent behave the same way twice? We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Abel Yagubyan

Recent advancements in AI-driven conversational agents have exhibited immense potential of AI applications. Effective response generation is crucial to the success of these agents. While extensive research has focused on leveraging multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Junfeng Liu , Christopher T. Symons , Ranga Raju Vatsavai

Spoken conversational agents are converging toward voice-native LLMs. This tutorial distills the path from cascaded ASR/NLU to end-to-end, retrieval-and vision-grounded systems. We frame adaptation of text LLMs to audio, cross-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chao-Han Huck Yang , Andreas Stolcke , Larry Heck

As AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) increasingly use external tools for high-stakes decisions, a critical reliability question arises: how do errors propagate across sequential tool calls? We introduce the first theoretical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Flint Xiaofeng Fan , Cheston Tan , Roger Wattenhofer , Yew-Soon Ong

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly grounded in sensor data to perceive and reason about human physiology and the physical world. However, accurately interpreting heterogeneous multimodal sensor data remains a fundamental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Hyungjun Yoon , Mohammad Malekzadeh , Sung-Ju Lee , Fahim Kawsar , Lorena Qendro

Recent advances in the intrinsic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have given rise to LLM-based agent systems that exhibit near-human performance on a variety of automated tasks. However, although these systems share…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bingxi Zhao , Lin Geng Foo , Ping Hu , Christian Theobalt , Hossein Rahmani , Jun Liu

BACKGROUND: Coding Motivational Interviewing (MI) sessions is essential for understanding client behaviors and predicting outcomes, but it requires substantial time and labor from trained MI professionals. Recent advances in audio-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Guangzeng Han , James G. Murphy , Benjamin O. Ladd , Xiaolei Huang , Brian Borsari