English

How Consistent Are LLM Agents? Measuring Behavioral Reproducibility in Multi-Step Tool-Calling Pipelines

Computation and Language 2026-05-29 v1 Artificial Intelligence Software Engineering

Abstract

Large language model (LLM) agents with tool-calling capabilities are increasingly deployed in production systems, yet a fundamental reliability question remains under-explored: does the same agent behave the same way twice? We present a systematic empirical study of behavioral consistency in multi-step tool-calling agents, measuring whether agents select the same tools, in the same order, with the same arguments, across repeated identical invocations. Unlike prior work on consistency in ReAct-style agents(search-only, free-text actions), we study the richer setting of structured tool-calling interfaces with typed parameters and consequential side effects.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.28840,
  title  = {How Consistent Are LLM Agents? Measuring Behavioral Reproducibility in Multi-Step Tool-Calling Pipelines},
  author = {Abel Yagubyan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.28840},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

16 pages, 6 figures