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We study a self-consistent approach to introduce higher-order effects in a branching process model of complex contagion on clustered networks. Branching processes operate over an infinite population such that they never circle back and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-20 Leah A. Keating , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne

The behaviour of individuals is a main actor in the control of the spread of a communicable disease and, in turn, the spread of an infectious disease can trigger behavioural changes in a population. Here, we study the emergence of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-10-26 Mozhgan Khanjanianpak , Nahid Azimi-Tafreshi , Alex Arenas , Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes

Infectious disease transmission in human populations has a complex two-way interaction with changes in host behaviour. It is increasingly recognised that incorporating adaptive behavioural change into epidemic models is important for…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-14 Michael J. Plank , Matt Ryan , Lloyd Chapman , Roslyn I. Hickson , Thomas House , Emma McBryde , James M. McCaw

The contact structure of the population shapes the progression of epidemics. Nonetheless, the joint evolution of individual behavioral adaptations and disease dynamics on networks remains poorly understood. We use a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-27 Baltazar Espinoza , Jimmy Calvo-Monge , Fabio Sanchez , Simon A. Levin , Madhav Marathe

Group-based reinforcement can induce discontinuous transitions from inactive to active phases in higher-order contagion models. However, these results are typically obtained on static interaction structures or within mean-field…

In modern interconnected societies, opinions and beliefs can quickly spread across large populations, giving rise to collective behaviors such as the adoption of social norms or polarization. These phenomena have motivated many models aimed…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-27 Cosimo Agostinelli , Marco Mancastroppa , Alain Barrat

Recent studies have investigated various dynamic processes characterizing collective behaviors in real-world systems. However, these dynamics have been studied individually in specific contexts. In this article, we present a holistic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Ming Xie , Shibo He , Aming Li , Zike Zhang , Youxian Sun , Jiming Chen

Recent research on social contagion processes has revealed the limitations of traditional networks, which capture only pairwise relationships, to characterize complex multiparty relationships and group influences properly. Social contagion…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Lidan Liang , Shaoxuan Cui , Fangzhou Liu

Empirical complex systems can be characterized not only by pairwise interactions, but also by higher-order (group) interactions influencing collective phenomena, from metabolic reactions to epidemics. Nevertheless, higher-order networks'…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-01 Maxime Lucas , Luca Gallo , Arsham Ghavasieh , Federico Battiston , Manlio De Domenico

Contagion processes on networks, including disease spreading, information diffusion, or social behaviors propagation, can be modeled as simple contagion, i.e. involving one connection at a time, or as complex contagion, in which multiple…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-06-19 Giulia Cencetti , Diego Andrés Contreras , Marco Mancastroppa , Alain Barrat

Higher-order interactions play an important role in complex contagion processes. Mean-field approximations have been used to characterize the onset of spreading in the presence of group interactions. However, individual-based mean-field…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-10-02 Federico Malizia , Luca Gallo , Mattia Frasca , István Z. Kiss , Vito Latora , Giovanni Russo

Higher-order interactions are prevalent in real-world complex systems and exert unique influences on system evolution that cannot be captured by pairwise interactions. We incorporate game transitions into the higher-order prisoner's dilemma…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-06-25 Yi-Duo Chen , Zhi-Xi Wu , Jian-Yue Guan

The studies of collective oscillations induced by higher-order interactions point out the necessity of group effect in coupling modelization. As yet the related advances are mainly concentrated on nonlinear coupling patterns and cannot be…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-03-31 Cong Liu , Chong-Yang Wang , Zhi-Xi Wu , Jian-Yue Guan

Contagious processes, such as spread of infectious diseases, social behaviors, or computer viruses, affect biological, social, and technological systems. Epidemic models for large populations and finite populations on networks have been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-14 Renato Pagliara , Naomi E. Leonard

A complex contagion is an infectious process in which individuals may require multiple transmissions before changing state. These are used to model behaviors if an individual only adopts a particular behavior after perceiving a consensus…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-29 Joel C. Miller

Threshold-driven models and game theory are two fundamental paradigms for describing human interactions in social systems. However, in mimicking social contagion processes, models that simultaneously incorporate these two mechanisms have…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-10-22 Xincheng Shu , Man Yang , Zhongyuan Ruan , Qi Xuan

We investigate the effects of cooperativity between contagion processes that spread and persist in a host population. We propose and analyze a dynamical model in which individuals that are affected by one transmissible agent $A$ exhibit a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-11-22 Li Chen , Fakhteh Ghanbarnejad , Dirk Brockmann

Higher-order interactions have recently emerged as a promising framework for describing new dynamical phenomena in heterogeneous contagion processes. However, a fundamental open question is how to understand their contribution from the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-21 Sandro Meloni , Andrea Gabrielli , Pablo Villegas

Contagion processes, representing the spread of infectious diseases, information, or social behaviors, are often schematized as taking place on networks, which encode for instance the interactions between individuals. The impact of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-07-09 Diego Andrés Contreras , Giulia Cencetti , Alain Barrat

Complex contagion models have been developed to understand a wide range of social phenomena such as adoption of cultural fads, the diffusion of belief, norms, and innovations in social networks, and the rise of collective action to join a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-07-04 Yong Zhuang , Osman Yağan