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Research interest in end-to-end autonomous driving has surged owing to its fully differentiable design integrating modular tasks, i.e. perception, prediction and planing, which enables optimization in pursuit of the ultimate goal. Despite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anqing Jiang , Yu Gao , Zhigang Sun , Yiru Wang , Jijun Wang , Jinghao Chai , Qian Cao , Yuweng Heng , Hao Jiang , Yunda Dong , Zongzheng Zhang , Xianda Guo , Hao Sun , Hao Zhao

End-to-end autonomous driving models based on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) architectures have shown promising results by learning driving policies through behavior cloning on expert demonstrations. However, imitation learning inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zihao Sheng , Xin Ye , Jingru Luo , Sikai Chen , Liu Ren

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for solving the Visual Question Answering (VQA) task in autonomous driving by integrating Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with continual learning. In autonomous driving, VQA plays a vital role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yuxin Lin , Mengshi Qi , Liang Liu , Huadong Ma

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and Multi-Modal Language models (MMLMs) have become prominent in autonomous driving research, as these models can provide interpretable textual reasoning and responses for end-to-end autonomous driving safety…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Akshay Gopalkrishnan , Ross Greer , Mohan Trivedi

Human drivers adeptly navigate complex scenarios by utilizing rich attentional semantics, but the current autonomous systems struggle to replicate this ability, as they often lose critical semantic information when converting 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Pei Liu , Haipeng Liu , Haichao Liu , Xin Liu , Jinxin Ni , Jun Ma

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently achieved notable progress in end-to-end autonomous driving by integrating perception, reasoning, and control within a unified multimodal framework. However, they often lack explicit modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Guoqing Wang , Pin Tang , Xiangxuan Ren , Guodongfang Zhao , Bailan Feng , Chao Ma

In autonomous driving, end-to-end planners directly utilize raw sensor data, enabling them to extract richer scene features and reduce information loss compared to traditional planners. This raises a crucial research question: how can we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yingyan Li , Lue Fan , Jiawei He , Yuqi Wang , Yuntao Chen , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Tieniu Tan

Predicting the near-term behavior of a reactive agent is crucial in many robotic scenarios, yet remains challenging when observations of that agent are sparse or intermittent. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer a promising avenue by…

Ensuring safe decision-making in autonomous vehicles remains a fundamental challenge despite rapid advances in end-to-end learning approaches. Traditional reinforcement learning (RL) methods rely on manually engineered rewards or sparse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zilin Huang , Zihao Sheng , Zhengyang Wan , Yansong Qu , Junwei You , Sicong Jiang , Sikai Chen

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models for autonomous driving often hit a performance plateau during Reinforcement Learning (RL) optimization. This stagnation arises from exploration capabilities constrained by previous Supervised Fine-Tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuechen Luo , Qimao Chen , Fang Li , Shaoqing Xu , Jaxin Liu , Ziying Song , Zhi-xin Yang , Fuxi Wen

Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown promising capabilities in autonomous driving by leveraging the understanding and reasoning strengths of Large Language Models(LLMs).However, our empirical analysis reveals…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zihan You , Hongwei Liu , Chenxu Dang , Zhe Wang , Sining Ang , Aoqi Wang , Yan Wang

Existing vision-and-language navigation (VLN) models primarily reason over past and current visual observations, while largely ignoring the future visual dynamics induced by actions. As a result, they often lack an effective understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Haihong Hao , Lei Chen , Mingfei Han , Changlin Li , Dong An , Yuqiang Yang , Zhihui Li , Xiaojun Chang

The rapid growth of ego-centric dashcam footage presents a major challenge for detecting safety-critical events such as collisions and near-collisions, scenarios that are brief, rare, and difficult for generic vision models to capture.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mohammad Qazim Bhat , Yufan Huang , Niket Agarwal , Hao Wang , Michael Woods , John Kenyon , Tsung-Yi Lin , Xiaodong Yang , Ming-Yu Liu , Kevin Xie

In recent years, considerable research has been conducted on vision-language models that handle both image and text data; these models are being applied to diverse downstream tasks, such as "image-related chat," "image recognition by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Kosuke Sakurai , Tatsuya Ishii , Ryotaro Shimizu , Linxin Song , Masayuki Goto

A reliable driving assistant should provide consistent responses based on temporally grounded reasoning derived from observed information. In this work, we investigate whether Vision-Language Models (VLMs), when applied as driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Chun-Peng Chang , Chen-Yu Wang , Holger Caesar , Alain Pagani

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks, yet current applications face challenges. While LLMs excel in general conversation scenarios, they struggle with specialized navigation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yunzhe Xu , Yiyuan Pan , Zhe Liu , Hesheng Wang

Real-world autonomous driving must adhere to complex human social rules that extend beyond legally codified traffic regulations. Many of these semantic constraints, such as yielding to emergency vehicles, complying with traffic officers'…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Qian Cheng , Weitao Zhou , Cheng Jing , Nanshan Deng , Junze Wen , Zhaoyang Liu , Kun Jiang , Diange Yang

Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) paradigms in autonomous driving primarily rely on Imitation Learning (IL), which introduces inherent challenges such as distribution shift and causal confusion. Online Reinforcement Learning offers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Haoyu Fu , Diankun Zhang , Zongchuang Zhao , Jianfeng Cui , Hongwei Xie , Bing Wang , Guang Chen , Dingkang Liang , Xiang Bai

End-to-end autonomous driving systems are increasingly integrating Vision-Language Model (VLM) architectures, incorporating text reasoning or visual reasoning to enhance the robustness and accuracy of driving decisions. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Lingjun Zhang , Changjie Wu , Linzhe Shi , Jiangyang Li , Jiaxin Liu , Lei Yang , Hang Zhang , Mu Xu , Hong Wang

Embodied navigation for long-horizon tasks, guided by complex natural language instructions, remains a formidable challenge in artificial intelligence. Existing agents often struggle with robust long-term planning about unseen environments,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Fei Liu , Shichao Xie , Minghua Luo , Zedong Chu , Junjun Hu , Xiaolong Wu , Mu Xu