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There is still a significant gap between expectations and the successful adoption of AI to innovate and improve businesses. Due to the emergence of deep learning, AI adoption is more complex as it often incorporates big data and the…
Interactive Artificial Intelligent(AI) assistant systems are designed to offer timely guidance to help human users to complete a variety tasks. One of the remaining challenges is to understand user's mental states during the task for more…
Human-robot collaboration (HRC) is an emerging trend of robotics that promotes the co-presence and cooperation of humans and robots in common workspaces. Physical vicinity and interaction between humans and robots, combined with the…
Users of shared control systems change their behavior in the presence of assistance, which conflicts with assumpts about user behavior that some assistance methods make. In this paper, we propose an analysis technique to evaluate the user's…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) spreads quickly as new technologies and services take over modern society. The need to regulate AI design, development, and use is strictly necessary to avoid unethical and potentially dangerous consequences to…
Assuring safety of artificial intelligence (AI) applied to safety-critical systems is of paramount importance. Especially since research in the field of automated driving shows that AI is able to outperform classical approaches, to handle…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to revolutionize the practice of medicine. Recent advancements in the field of deep learning have demonstrated success in a variety of clinical tasks: detecting diabetic retinopathy from images,…
Unfortunately, many people die in car accidents. To reduce these accidents, cars are equipped with driving safety systems. With autonomous vehicles, the driver's behavior becomes irrelevant as the car drives autonomously. All autonomous…
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) clinical decision support (CDS) systems have the potential to augment surgical risk assessments, but successful adoption depends on an understanding of end-user needs and current workflows. This…
We outline the principles of classical assurance for computer-based systems that pose significant risks. We then consider application of these principles to systems that employ Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). A key…
In recent years, there has been an increased focus on early detection, prevention, and prediction of diseases. This, together with advances in sensor technology and the Internet of Things, has led to accelerated efforts in the development…
We find ourselves on the ever-shifting cusp of an AI revolution -- with potentially metamorphic implications for the future practice of healthcare. For many, such innovations cannot come quickly enough; as healthcare systems worldwide…
As the paradigm of Human-Centered AI (HCAI) gains prominence, its benefits to society are accompanied by significant ethical concerns, one of which is the protection of individual privacy. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of…
Personal informatics (PI) systems, powered by smartphones and wearables, enable people to lead healthier lifestyles by providing meaningful and actionable insights that break down barriers between users and their health information. Today,…
As AI systems become more prevalent, concerns about their development, operation, and societal impact intensify. Establishing ethical, social, and safety standards amidst evolving AI capabilities poses significant challenges. Global…
Artificial intelligence (AI)-based computer perception (CP) technologies use mobile sensors to collect behavioral and physiological data for clinical decision-making. These tools can reshape how clinical knowledge is generated and…
Despite the immense potential of AI-powered medical devices to revolutionize healthcare, concerns regarding their safety in life-critical applications remain. While the European regulatory framework provides a comprehensive approach to…
Human-centered AI (HCAI) is a design philosophy that advocates prioritizing humans in designing, developing, and deploying intelligent systems, aiming to maximize the benefits of AI to humans and avoid potential adverse impacts. While HCAI…
Control systems on unmanned vehicles are safety-critical systems whose requirements on reliability and safety are ever-increasing. Currently, testing a complex autonomous control system is an expensive and time-consuming process, which…
Critical infrastructure is vulnerable to a broad range of hazards. Timely and effective recovery of critical infrastructure after extreme events is crucial. However, critical infrastructure disaster recovery planning is complicated and…