Related papers: Propositional Abduction via Only-Knowing: A Non-Mo…
We describe a natural deduction formalization of intuitionistic and classical propositional logic in the Isabelle/Pure framework. In contrast to earlier work, where we explored the pedagogical benefits of using a deep embedding approach to…
We develop a second-order extension of intuitionistic modal logic, allowing quantification over propositions, both syntactically and semantically. A key feature of second-order logic is its capacity to define positive connectives from the…
We study monads resulting from the combination of nondeterministic and probabilistic behaviour with the possibility of termination, which is essential in program semantics. Our main contributions are presentation results for the monads,…
Epistemic reasoning requires agents to infer the state of the world from partial observations and information about other agents' knowledge. Prior work evaluating LLMs on canonical epistemic puzzles interpreted their behavior through a…
Eliciting knowledge from pre-trained language models via prompt-based learning has shown great potential in many natural language processing tasks. Whereas, the applications for more complex tasks such as event extraction are less studied…
Propositional term modal logic is interpreted over Kripke structures with unboundedly many accessibility relations and hence the syntax admits variables indexing modalities and quantification over them. This logic is undecidable, and we…
This paper extends implication-space semantics to include first-order quantification. Implication-space semantics has recently been introduced as an inferentialist formal semantics that can capture nonmonotonic and nontransitive material…
The paper investigates an evidence-based semantics for epistemic logics. It is shown that the properties of knowledge obtained from a potentially infinite body of evidence are described by modal logic S5. At the same time, the properties of…
The analysis of theory-confirmation generally takes the deductive form: show that a theory in conjunction with physical data and auxiliary hypotheses yield a prediction about phenomena; verify the prediction; provide a quantitative measure…
We present a method for relevance sensitive non-monotonic inference from belief sequences which incorporates insights pertaining to prioritized inference and relevance sensitive, inconsistency tolerant belief revision. Our model uses a…
We present a type of epistemic logics that encapsulates both the dynamics of acquiring knowledge (knowing) and losing information (forgetting), alongside the integration of group knowledge concepts. Our approach is underpinned by a system…
Diagnostic reasoning has been characterized logically as consistency-based reasoning or abductive reasoning. Previous analyses in the literature have shown, on the one hand, that choosing the (in general more restrictive) abductive…
Adjoint logic is a general approach to combining multiple logics with different structural properties, including linear, affine, strict, and (ordinary) intuitionistic logics, where each proposition has an intrinsic mode of truth. It has…
We introduce a novel semantics for a multi-agent epistemic operator of knowing how, based on an indistinguishability relation between plans. Our proposal is, arguably, closer to the standard presentation of knowing that modalities in…
This paper presents a simple framework for Horn clause abduction, with probabilities associated with hypotheses. It is shown how this representation can represent any probabilistic knowledge representable in a Bayesian belief network. The…
We report on the mechanization of (preference-based) conditional normative reasoning. Our focus is on Aqvist's system E for conditional obligation, and its extensions. Our mechanization is achieved via a shallow semantical embedding in…
Perception and reasoning are basic human abilities that are seamlessly connected as part of human intelligence. However, in current machine learning systems, the perception and reasoning modules are incompatible. Tasks requiring joint…
This paper aims at providing a comprehensive solution to the archaic open problem: how to define semantics of three-valued modal logic with vivid intuitive picture, convincing philosophical justification as well as versatile practical…
We derive a Prolog theorem prover for an Intuitionistic Epistemic Logic by starting from the sequent calculus {\bf G4IP} that we extend with operator definitions providing an embedding in intuitionistic propositional logic ({\bf IPC}). With…
Recently, multimodal prompting, which introduces learnable missing-aware prompts for all missing modality cases, has exhibited impressive performance. However, it encounters two critical issues: 1) The number of prompts grows exponentially…