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In recent years, the detection of infrared small targets using deep learning methods has garnered substantial attention due to notable advancements. To improve the detection capability of small targets, these methods commonly maintain a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Qianchen Mao , Qiang Li , Bingshu Wang , Yongjun Zhang , Tao Dai , C. L. Philip Chen

Single-frame infrared small target detection is considered to be a challenging task, due to the extreme imbalance between target and background, bounding box regression is extremely sensitive to infrared small target, and target information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Bo Yang , Xinyu Zhang , Jian Zhang , Jun Luo , Mingliang Zhou , Yangjun Pi

Infrared small-target detection (ISTD) is an important computer vision task. ISTD aims at separating small targets from complex background clutter. The infrared radiation decays over distances, making the targets highly dim and prone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Jingchao Peng , Haitao Zhao , Kaijie Zhao , Zhongze Wang , Lujian Yao

Drone detection is pivotal in numerous security and counter-UAV applications. However, existing deep learning-based methods typically struggle to balance robust feature representation with computational efficiency. This challenge is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jun Yang , Dong Wang , Hongxu Yin , Hongpeng Li , Jianxiong Yu

Infrared small target detection is currently a hot and challenging task in computer vision. Existing methods usually focus on mining visual features of targets, which struggles to cope with complex and diverse detection scenarios. The main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Feng Huang , Shuyuan Zheng , Zhaobing Qiu , Huanxian Liu , Huanxin Bai , Liqiong Chen

Infrared Small Target Detection (IRSTD) faces significant challenges due to low signal-to-noise ratios, complex backgrounds, and the absence of discernible target features. While deep learning-based encoder-decoder frameworks have advanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xuelin Qian , Jiaming Lu , Zixuan Wang , Wenxuan Wang , Zhongling Huang , Dingwen Zhang , Junwei Han

Detecting small targets in infrared images poses significant challenges in defense applications due to the presence of complex backgrounds and the small size of the targets. Traditional object detection methods often struggle to balance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Alina Ciocarlan , Sylvie Le Hégarat-Mascle , Sidonie Lefebvre , Arnaud Woiselle

Infrared small target detection faces the inherent challenge of precisely localizing dim targets amidst complex background clutter. Traditional approaches struggle to balance detection precision and false alarm rates. To break this dilemma,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yimian Dai , Peiwen Pan , Yulei Qian , Yuxuan Li , Xiang Li , Jian Yang , Huan Wang

Infrared small target detection based on deep learning offers unique advantages in separating small targets from complex and dynamic backgrounds. However, the features of infrared small targets gradually weaken as the depth of convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Chun Bao , Jie Cao , Yaqian Ning , Tianhua Zhao , Zhijun Li , Zechen Wang , Li Zhang , Qun Hao

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) plays a critical role in a wide range of civilian and military applications. Existing methods suffer from deficiencies in the localization of dim targets and the perception of contour information under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jiakun Deng , Kexuan Li , Xingye Cui , Jiaxuan Li , Chang Long , Tian Pu , Zhenming Peng

Infrared small target detection(IRSTD) is widely recognized as a challenging task due to the inherent limitations of infrared imaging, including low signal-to-noise ratios, lack of texture details, and complex background interference. While…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Yuxin Jing , Yuchen Zheng , Jufeng Zhao , Guangmang Cui , Tianpei Zhang

To address the challenges in UAV object detection, such as complex backgrounds, severe occlusion, dense small objects, and varying lighting conditions,this paper proposes PT-DETR based on RT-DETR, a novel detection algorithm specifically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Bingcong Huo , Zhiming Wang

Due to the limitation of the optical lens focal length and the resolution of the infrared detector, distant Closely-Spaced Infrared Small Target (CSIST) groups typically appear as mixing spots in the infrared image. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ximeng Zhai , Bohan Xu , Yaohong Chen , Hao Wang , Kehua Guo , Yimian Dai

Real-time small object detection in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery remains challenging due to limited feature representation and ineffective multi-scale fusion. Existing methods underutilize frequency information and rely on static…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yu Xia , Chang Liu , Tianqi Xiang , Zhigang Tu

Tiny object detection plays a vital role in drone surveillance, remote sensing, and autonomous systems, enabling the identification of small targets across vast landscapes. However, existing methods suffer from inefficient feature leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Zhangchi Hu , Peixi Wu , Jie Chen , Huyue Zhu , Yijun Wang , Yansong Peng , Hebei Li , Xiaoyan Sun

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) plays a crucial role in numerous military and civilian applications. However, existing methods often face the gradual degradation of target edge pixels as the number of network layers increases, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Shuying Li , Qiang Ma , San Zhang , Wuwei Wang , Chuang Yang

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) has been a critical technology in defense and civilian applications over the past several decades, such as missile warning, maritime surveillance, and disaster monitoring. Nevertheless, moving infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yian Huang , Qing Qin , Aji Mao , Xiangyu Qiu , Liang Xu , Xian Zhang , Zhenming Peng

Infrared small target detection presents significant challenges due to the limited intrinsic features of the target and the overwhelming presence of visually similar background distractors. We contend that background semantics are critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Mengxuan Xiao , Yinfei Zhu , Yiming Zhu , Boyang Li , Feifei Zhang , Huan Wang , Meng Cai , Yimian Dai

The accurate target-background separation in infrared small target detection (IRSTD) highly depends on the discriminability of extracted representations. However, most existing methods are confined to domain-consistent settings, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yimin Fu , Songbo Wang , Feiyan Wu , Jialin Lyu , Zhunga Liu , Michael K. Ng

Infrared small target detection is crucial for the efficacy of infrared search and tracking systems. Current tensor decomposition methods emphasize representing small targets with sparsity but struggle to separate targets from complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Fei Zhou , Maixia Fu , Yulei Qian , Jian Yang , Yimian Dai