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Modern satellites deployed in low Earth orbit (LEO) accommodate processing payloads that can be exploited for edge computing. Furthermore, by implementing inter-satellite links, the LEO satellites in a constellation can route the data…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-23 Marc Martinez-Gost , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Ana Pérez-Neira , Miguel Ángel Vázquez , Beatriz Soret , Marco Moretti

Towards sixth-generation networks (6G), satellite communication systems, especially based on Low Earth Orbit (LEO) networks, become promising due to their unique and comprehensive capabilities. These advantages are accompanied by a variety…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-14 Selen Gecgel , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

Large language models (LLMs) impose rapidly growing energy demands, creating an emerging energy and carbon crisis driven by large-scale inference. Solar-powered, AI-enabled low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites have been proposed to mitigate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Lei Jiang , Adrian Ildefonso , Daniel Loveless , Fan Chen

We propose a low-power mobile low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication architecture, employing double reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) to enhance energy efficiency and signal performance. With a distance between RISs that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Kunnathully Sadanandan Sanila , Rickard Nilsson , Emad Ibrahim , Neelakandan Rajamohan

The number of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations has grown rapidly in recent years, bringing a major change to global wireless communications. As LEO satellite links take on a growing role in critical services such as emergency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Jinyoung Lee , Stefano Tomasin , Dong-Hyun Jung

Low latency and high synchronization among users are critical for emerging multi-user virtual interaction applications. However, the existing ground-based cloud solutions are naturally limited by the complex ground topology and fiber…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Jiahe Huang , Yifei Zhu

Recently, a large number of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites have been launched and deployed successfully in space by commercial companies, such as SpaceX. Due to multimodal sensors equipped by the LEO satellites, they serve not only for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Zheng Lin , Zhe Chen , Zihan Fang , Xianhao Chen , Xiong Wang , Yue Gao

6G networks aim to enable applications like autonomous driving by providing complementary localization services through key technologies such as non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) with low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites and reconfigurable…

In this paper, we propose a terrestrial-satellite network (TSN) architecture to integrate the ultra-dense low earth orbit (LEO) networks and the terrestrial networks to achieve efficient data offloading. In TSN, each ground user can access…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Boya Di , Hongliang Zhang , Lingyang Song , Yonghui Li , Geoffrey Ye Li

This paper explores the evolution of Radio Access Network (RAN) architectures and their integration into Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) to address escalating mobile traffic demands. Focusing on Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites as key…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Siva Satya Sri Ganesh Seeram , Luca Feltrin , Mustafa Ozger , Shuai Zhang , Cicek Cavdar

In this article, we introduce a novel low-altitude wireless network (LAWN), which is a reconfigurable, three-dimensional (3D) layered architecture. In particular, the LAWN integrates connectivity, sensing, control, and computing across…

We present ELSA, a practical solution for creating deep networks that can easily be deployed at different levels of sparsity. The core idea is to embed one or more sparse networks within a single dense network as a proper subset of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Paniz Halvachi , Alexandra Peste , Dan Alistarh , Christoph H. Lampert

Ensuring network resilience in 6G and beyond is essential to maintain service continuity during base station (BS) outages due to failures, disasters, attacks, or energy-saving operations. This paper proposes a novel resilience optimization…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dinh-Hieu Tran , Nguyen Van Huynh , Van Nhan Vo , Madyan Alsenwi , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas

Most current LiDAR simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) systems build maps in point clouds, which are sparse when zoomed in, even though they seem dense to human eyes. Dense maps are essential for robotic applications, such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Jianyuan Ruan , Bo Li , Yibo Wang , Yuxiang Sun

Based on the vision of global coverage for sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication systems, the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite-to-ground channel model for urban scenarios has emerged as highly important for the system design. In this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-07 Jiahao Ning , Jinhao Deng , Yuanfang Li , Chi Zhao , Jiashu Liu , Songjiang Yang , Yinghua Wang , Jie Huang , Cheng-Xiang Wang

In this paper, we consider traffic offloading of integrated low earth orbit (LEO) satellite-terrestrial network. We first derive traffic offloading probability from the terrestrial network to the LEO satellite network based on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Hossein Akhlaghpasand , Vahid Shah-Mansouri

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations have become a critical enabler for global coverage, utilizing numerous satellites orbiting Earth at high speeds. By decomposing complex network services into lightweight service functions,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Li Zeng , Zixin Wang , Yuanming Shi , Khaled B. Letaief

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks are increasingly adopting laser (Free Space Optics, FSO) links to provide high-capacity communications. Although laser inter-satellite links offer high throughput and low latency, RF up- and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Cao-Vien Phung , Thomas Röthig , Admela Jukan

The number of satellites, especially those operating in low-earth orbit (LEO), is exploding in recent years. Additionally, the use of COTS hardware into those satellites enables a new paradigm of computing: orbital edge computing (OEC). OEC…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Changhao Wu , Yuanchun Li , Mengwei Xu , Chongbin Guo , Zengshan Yin , Weiwei Gao , Chuanxiu Chi

A spreadsheet is remarkably flexible in representing various forms of structured data, but the individual cells have no knowledge of the larger structures of which they may form a part. This can hamper comprehension and increase formula…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-01-29 Alan Hall , Michel Wermelinger , Tony Hirst , Santi Phithakkitnukoon