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Legal judgment prediction suffers from the problem of long case documents exceeding tens of thousands of words, in general, and having a non-uniform structure. Predicting judgments from such documents becomes a challenging task, more so on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Nishchal Prasad , Mohand Boughanem , Taoufiq Dkaki

Support vector machines (SVM) and other kernel techniques represent a family of powerful statistical classification methods with high accuracy and broad applicability. Because they use all or a significant portion of the training data,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-31 Peter Mills

The growing scale of Large Language Models (LLMs) has exacerbated inference latency and computational costs. Speculative decoding methods, which aim to mitigate these issues, often face inefficiencies in the construction of token trees and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Feiye Huo , Jianchao Tan , Kefeng Zhang , Xunliang Cai , Shengli Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in comprehending and analyzing lengthy sequential inputs, owing to their extensive context windows that allow processing millions of tokens in a single forward pass.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Peyman Hosseini , Ignacio Castro , Iacopo Ghinassi , Matthew Purver

Given the large size and volumes of contracts and their underlying inherent complexity, manual reviews become inefficient and prone to errors, creating a clear need for automation. Automatic Legal Contract Classification (LCC)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Amrita Singh , Aditya Joshi , Jiaojiao Jiang , Hye-young Paik

This article presents an evaluation of several machine learning methods applied to automated text classification, alongside the design of a demonstrative system for unbalanced document categorization and distribution. The study focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Radoslaw Roszczyk , Pawel Tecza , Maciej Stodolski , Krzysztof Siwek

Large language models (LLMs) and high-capacity encoders have advanced zero and few-shot classification, but their inference cost and latency limit practical deployment. We propose training lightweight text classifiers using dynamically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Gaurav Maheshwari , Kevin El Haddad

Data curation is commonly considered a "secret-sauce" for LLM training, with higher quality data usually leading to better LLM performance. Given the scale of internet-scraped corpora, data pruning has become a larger and larger focus.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Aaditya K. Singh , Yu Yang , Kushal Tirumala , Mostafa Elhoushi , Ari S. Morcos

Three publicly-available LLM specifically designed for legal tasks have been implemented and shown that classification accuracy can benefit from training over legal corpora, but why and how? Here we use two publicly-available legal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Richard K. Belew

Unstructured data, especially text, continues to grow rapidly in various domains. In particular, in the financial sphere, there is a wealth of accumulated unstructured financial data, such as the textual disclosure documents that companies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bolun "Namir" Xia , Vipula D. Rawte , Mohammed J. Zaki , Aparna Gupta

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Large language models (LLMs) hold tremendous potential for addressing numerous real-world challenges, yet they typically demand significant computational resources and memory. Deploying LLMs onto a resource-limited hardware device with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Pujiang He , Shan Zhou , Changqing Li , Wenhuan Huang , Weifei Yu , Duyi Wang , Chen Meng , Sheng Gui

An automatic document classification system is presented that detects textual content in images and classifies documents into four predefined categories (Invoice, Report, Letter, and Form). The system supports both offline images (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Aya Kaysan Bahjat

Unlocking the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in data classification represents a promising frontier in natural language processing. In this work, we evaluate the performance of different LLMs in comparison with state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Arina Kostina , Marios D. Dikaiakos , Dimosthenis Stefanidis , George Pallis

A legal document is usually long and dense requiring human effort to parse it. It also contains significant amounts of jargon which make deriving insights from it using existing models a poor approach. This paper presents the approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Anshika Gupta , Shaz Furniturewala , Vijay Kumari , Yashvardhan Sharma

Criminals use malware to disrupt cyber-systems. The number of these malware-vulnerable systems is increasing quickly as common systems, such as vehicles, routers, and lightbulbs, become increasingly interconnected cyber-systems. To address…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Viktor Zenkov , Jason Laska

Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training exhausts an ever growing compute budget, yet recent research has demonstrated that careful document selection enables comparable model quality with only a fraction of the FLOPs. Inspired by efforts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Xiang Kong , Tom Gunter , Ruoming Pang

In this work, we present two systems -- Named Entity Resolution (NER) and Natural Language Inference (NLI) -- for detecting legal violations within unstructured textual data and for associating these violations with potentially affected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Shikha Bordia

Summarization of legal case judgement documents is a challenging problem in Legal NLP. However, not much analyses exist on how different families of summarization models (e.g., extractive vs. abstractive) perform when applied to legal case…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Abhay Shukla , Paheli Bhattacharya , Soham Poddar , Rajdeep Mukherjee , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Pawan Goyal , Saptarshi Ghosh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to optimize the analysis and synthesis of legal documents, enabling the automation of tasks such as summarization, classification, and retrieval of legal information. This study aims…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Matheus Belarmino , Rackel Coelho , Roberto Lotudo , Jayr Pereira
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