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Artificial intelligence and data-driven networks will be integral part of 6G systems. In this article, we comprehensively discuss implementation challenges and need for architectural changes in 5G radio access networks for integrating…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-26 M. Majid Butt , Anna Pantelidou , István Z. Kovács

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are expected to be a main component of future 6G networks, due to their capability to create a controllable wireless environment, and achieve extended coverage and improved localization accuracy.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-27 Mustafa Ammous , Hui Chen , Henk Wymeersch , Shahrokh Valaee

When dedicated positioning systems, such as GPS, are unavailable, a mobile device has no choice but to fall back on its cellular network for localization. Due to random variations in the channel conditions to its surrounding base stations…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Javier Schloemann , Harpreet S. Dhillon , R. Michael Buehrer

The next generation of cellular networks will exploit mmWave frequencies to dramatically increase the network capacity. The communication at such high frequencies, however, requires directionality to compensate the increase in propagation…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Marco Giordani , Michele Polese , Arnab Roy , Douglas Castor , Michele Zorzi

In Release 14, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced Cellular Vehicle--to--Everything (C-V2X) \textit{mode-4} as a novel disruptive technology to support sidelink vehicular communications in out--of--coverage scenarios.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-16 Luis F. Abanto-Leon , Arie Koppelaar , Sonia Heemstra de Groot

The third generation partnership project (3GPP) has recently defined two frequency bands for direct access with satellites, which is a concrete step toward realizing the anticipated space-air-ground integrated networks. In addition, given…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Zaid Abdullah , Eva Lagunas , Steven Kisseleff , Frank Zeppenfeldt , Symeon Chatzinotas

In recent years, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication opens an ample amount of opportunities to increase the safety of drivers and passengers and improve traffic efficiency which enables direct communication between vehicles. The Third…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-27 Donglin Wang , Pranav Balasaheb Mohite , Qiuheng Zhou , Anjie Qiu , Hans D. Schotten

New Radio (NR) Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Sidelink (SL), an integral part of the 5G NR standard, is expected to revolutionize the automotive and rail industries by enabling direct and low-latency exchange of critical information between…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Mohammadsaleh Nikooroo , Juan Estrada-Jimenez , Aurel Machalek , Jerome Harri , Thomas Engel , Ion Turcanu

Connectivity has a major role in the current transformation of smart manufacturing. 5G is foreseen as an integral part of an end-to-end networking infrastructure supporting smart manufacturing operation. The integration of 5G with…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-23 I. Gódor , M. Luvisotto , S. Ruffini , K. Wang , D. Patel , J. Sachs , O. Dobrijevic , D. P. Venmani , O. Le Moult , J. Costa-Requena , A. Poutanen , C. Marshall , J. Farkas

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful technology that improves system performance and enables new features in 5G and beyond. Standardization, defining functionality and interfaces, is essential for driving the industry…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Xingqin Lin , Lopamudra Kundu , Chris Dick , Soma Velayutham

Cellular connectivity to low altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has received significant interest recently which has led to a 3GPP study on enhanced LTE support for connected UAVs in Release 15. The objective of the study is to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Siva D. Muruganathan , Xingqin Lin , Helka-Liina Maattanen , Jonas Sedin , Zhenhua Zou , Wuri A. Hapsari , Shinpei Yasukawa

In recent years, the use of cellular network technologies to provide communication-based applications to vehicles has received considerable attention. 3GPP, the standardization body responsible for cellular networks specifications, is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Ignacio Soto , Maria Calderon , Oscar Amador , Manuel Urueña

Enhancing the energy efficiency of devices stands as one of the key requirements in the fifth-generation (5G) cellular network and its evolutions toward the next generation wireless technology. Specifically, for battery-limited…

LTE Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a 3GPP defined cellular technology that is designed to enable connectivity to many low-cost and low power/throughput IoT devices running delay-tolerant applications. NB-IoT can coexist within…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Arvind Chakrapani

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is in the process of developing the next generation radio access technology, named New Radio (NR), which will be proposed as a candidate technology for IMT-2020. This article outlines the wide…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Jeongho Jeon

Emerging industrial applications involving robotic collaborative operations and mobile robots require a more reliable and precise wireless network for deterministic data transmission. To meet this demand, the 3rd Generation Partnership…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Zixiao Wang , Zonghui Li , Xuan Qiao , Yiming Zheng , Bo Ai , Xiaoyu Song

High-precision localization turns into a crucial added value and asset for next-generation wireless systems. Carrier phase positioning (CPP) enables sub-meter to centimeter-level accuracy and is gaining interest in 5G-Advanced…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-21 Fatih Ayten , Mehmet C. Ilter , Akshay Jain , Ossi Kaltiokallio , Jukka Talvitie , Elena Simona Lohan , Henk Wymeersch , Mikko Valkama

The accurate geo-localization of mobile devices based upon received signal strength (RSS) in an urban area is hindered by obstacles in the signal propagation path. Current localization methods have their own advantages and drawbacks.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Andrey Shestakov , Danila Doroshin , Dmitri Shmelkin , Attila Kertesz-Farkas

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with a large number of basestation antennas, often called massive MIMO, have received much attention in academia and industry as a means to improve the spectral efficiency, energy efficiency,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-20 Hyoungju Ji , Younsun Kim , Juho Lee , Eko Onggosanusi , Younghan Nam , Jianzhong Zhang , Byungju Lee , Byonghyo Shim

This paper investigates the localization, synchronization, and speed estimation of a mobile user equipment (UE) leveraging integrated terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), in particular low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. We focus…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Yasaman Ettefagh , Sharief Saleh , Musa Furkan Keskin , Hui Chen , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Henk Wymeersch