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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have increasingly localized and interleaved visual evidence for deliberative reasoning. Grounding-based approaches typically focus on regions of interest (RoIs) by injecting cropped image patches or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Guannan Lv , Ren Nie , Hongjian Dou , Tingting Gao

Current Large Language Models have achieved Olympiad-level logic, yet Vision-Language Models paradoxically falter on elementary spatial tasks like block counting. This capability mismatch reveals a critical ``spatial intelligence gap,''…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shaoxiong Zhan , Yanlin Lai , Zheng Liu , Hai Lin , Shen Li , Xiaodong Cai , Zijian Lin , Wen Huang , Hai-Tao Zheng

Existing visual localization methods are typically either 2D image-based, which are easy to build and maintain but limited in effective geometric reasoning, or 3D structure-based, which achieve high accuracy but require a centralized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Xudong Jiang , Fangjinhua Wang , Silvano Galliani , Christoph Vogel , Marc Pollefeys

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance on visual reasoning benchmarks, yet it remains unclear to what extent such performance reflects reasoning directly grounded in visual evidence. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Longteng Guo , Yifan Wang , Pengkang Huo , Tailai Chen , Yuze Wu , Jing Liu , Xinxin Zhu

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Akshar Tumu , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Despite impressive advancements in Visual-Language Models (VLMs) for multi-modal tasks, their reliance on RGB inputs limits precise spatial understanding. Existing methods for integrating spatial cues, such as point clouds or depth, either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yang Liu , Ming Ma , Xiaomin Yu , Pengxiang Ding , Han Zhao , Mingyang Sun , Siteng Huang , Donglin Wang

Visual reasoning is challenging, requiring both precise object grounding and understanding complex spatial relationships. Existing methods fall into two camps: language-only chain-of-thought approaches, which demand large-scale (image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Damiano Marsili , Georgia Gkioxari

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made impressive progress in connecting vision and language, but they still struggle with spatial understanding and viewpoint-aware reasoning. Recent efforts aim to augment the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Kevin Qu , Haozhe Qi , Mihai Dusmanu , Mahdi Rad , Rui Wang , Marc Pollefeys

Despite progress in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), their capacity for visual reasoning is often limited by the binding problem: the failure to reliably associate perceptual features with their correct visual referents. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Amirmohammad Izadi , Mohammad Ali Banayeeanzade , Fatemeh Askari , Ali Rahimiakbar , Mohammad Mahdi Vahedi , Hosein Hasani , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

In this study, we are interested in imbuing robots with the capability of physically-grounded task planning. Recent advancements have shown that large language models (LLMs) possess extensive knowledge useful in robotic tasks, especially in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Yingdong Hu , Fanqi Lin , Tong Zhang , Li Yi , Yang Gao

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) struggle to reliably detect visual primitives in charts and align them with semantic representations, which severely limits their performance on complex visual reasoning. This lack of perceptual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Eunsoo Lee , Jeongwoo Lee , Minki Hong , Jangho Choi , Jihie Kim

We propose using Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for macro placement in chip floorplanning, a complex optimization task that has recently shown promising advancements through machine learning methods. Because human designers rely heavily on…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have advanced rapidly in multimodal perception and language understanding, yet it remains unclear whether they can reliably ground language into spatially coherent, plausibly executable actions in 3D digital…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Niyati Rawal , Sushant Ravva , Shah Alam Abir , Saksham Jain , Aman Chadha , Vinija Jain , Suranjana Trivedy , Amitava Das

Vision-language models benefit from high-resolution images, but the increase in visual-token count incurs high compute overhead. Humans resolve this tension via foveation: a coarse view guides "where to look", while selectively acquired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Juhong Min , Lazar Valkov , Vitali Petsiuk , Hossein Souri , Deen Dayal Mohan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at many multimodal tasks, yet they frequently struggle with tasks requiring precise understanding and handling of fine-grained visual elements. This is mainly due to information loss during image encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Xuchen Li , Xuzhao Li , Jiahui Gao , Renjie Pi , Shiyu Hu , Wentao Zhang

Vision-and-language (V\&L) reasoning necessitates perception of visual concepts such as objects and actions, understanding semantics and language grounding, and reasoning about the interplay between the two modalities. One crucial aspect of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Pratyay Banerjee , Tejas Gokhale , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Language models have recently advanced into the realm of reasoning, yet it is through multimodal reasoning that we can fully unlock the potential to achieve more comprehensive, human-like cognitive capabilities. This survey provides a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zhiyu Lin , Yifei Gao , Xian Zhao , Yunfan Yang , Jitao Sang

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse tasks. However, concerns about their trustworthiness persist, particularly regarding tendencies to lean more on textual cues than visual evidence and the risk of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shizhan Gong , Minda Hu , Qiyuan Zhang , Chen Ma , Qi Dou

The rapid progress of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has unlocked the potential for enhanced 3D scene understanding and spatial reasoning. A recent line of work explores learning spatial reasoning directly from multi-view images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Kanghee Lee , Injae Lee , Minseok Kwak , Jungi Hong , Kwonyoung Ryu , Jaesik Park

Text-to-point-cloud (T2P) localization aims to infer precise spatial positions within 3D point cloud maps from natural language descriptions, reflecting how humans perceive and communicate spatial layouts through language. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Shuhao Kang , Youqi Liao , Peijie Wang , Wenlong Liao , Qilin Zhang , Benjamin Busam , Xieyuanli Chen , Yun Liu