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We prove performance guarantees of two algorithms for approximating $Q^\star$ in batch reinforcement learning. Compared to classical iterative methods such as Fitted Q-Iteration---whose performance loss incurs quadratic dependence on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Tengyang Xie , Nan Jiang

Cross-domain offline reinforcement learning (CDRL) aims to improve policy learning in a target domain by leveraging data collected from a source domain. Existing works typically assess the transferability of source-domain data by measuring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Wei Liu , Ting Long

Multicalibration requires predicted scores to agree with label probabilities across rich families of subgroups and score-dependent tests, but existing methods require clean input-label pairs for evaluation and post-processing. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Futoshi Futami , Takashi Ishida

Despite extensive research on neural network calibration, existing methods typically apply global transformations that treat all predictions uniformly, overlooking the heterogeneous reliability of individual predictions. Furthermore, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Hassan Gharoun , Mohammad Sadegh Khorshidi , Kasra Ranjbarigderi , Fang Chen , Amir H. Gandomi

Model-based offline reinforcement learning approaches generally rely on bounds of model error. Estimating these bounds is usually achieved through uncertainty estimation methods. In this work, we combine parametric and nonparametric methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Guy Tennenholtz , Shie Mannor

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to learn optimal policies from static datasets without further environment interaction. A key challenge is the distribution shift between the learned and behavior policies, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Haohui Chen , Zhiyong Chen

In machine learning, model calibration and predictive inference are essential for producing reliable predictions and quantifying uncertainty to support decision-making. Recognizing the complementary roles of point and interval predictions,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-01 Lars van der Laan , Ahmed M. Alaa

In offline reinforcement learning (RL) we have no opportunity to explore so we must make assumptions that the data is sufficient to guide picking a good policy, taking the form of assuming some coverage, realizability, Bellman completeness,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Masatoshi Uehara , Nathan Kallus , Jason D. Lee , Wen Sun

Recent works have shown that most deep learning models are often poorly calibrated, i.e., they may produce overconfident predictions that are wrong. It is therefore desirable to have models that produce predictive uncertainty estimates that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Saiteja Utpala , Piyush Rai

We show that the popular reinforcement learning (RL) strategy of estimating the state-action value (Q-function) by minimizing the mean squared Bellman error leads to a regression problem with confounding, the inputs and output noise being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Yutian Chen , Liyuan Xu , Caglar Gulcehre , Tom Le Paine , Arthur Gretton , Nando de Freitas , Arnaud Doucet

We study offline multitask reinforcement learning in settings where multiple tasks share a low-rank representation of their action-value functions. In this regime, a learner is provided with fixed datasets collected from several related…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Kausthubh Manda , Raghuram Bharadwaj Diddigi

Ensuring model calibration is critical for reliable prediction, yet popular distribution-free methods such as histogram binning and isotonic regression offer only asymptotic guarantees. We introduce a unified framework for Venn and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-17 Lars van der Laan , Ahmed Alaa

Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) is a prominent risk measure in financial engineering, energy systems, and supply chain management. In these domains, Markov decision processes (MDPs) with a long-run CVaR criterion effectively mitigate cost…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Qixin Wang , Hao Cao , Jian-Qiang Hu , Mingjie Hu , Li Xia

The goal of robust reinforcement learning (RL) is to learn a policy that is robust against the uncertainty in model parameters. Parameter uncertainty commonly occurs in many real-world RL applications due to simulator modeling errors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Kishan Panaganti , Zaiyan Xu , Dileep Kalathil , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

While the predictions produced by conformal prediction are set-valued, the data used for training and calibration is supposed to be precise. In the setting of superset learning or learning from partial labels, a variant of weakly supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Alireza Javanmardi , Yusuf Sale , Paul Hofman , Eyke Hüllermeier

Generating calibrated and sharp neural network predictive distributions for regression problems is essential for optimal decision-making in many real-world applications. To address the miscalibration issue of neural networks, various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Victor Dheur , Souhaib Ben Taieb

Applications such as weather forecasting and personalized medicine demand models that output calibrated probability estimates---those representative of the true likelihood of a prediction. Most models are not calibrated out of the box but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Ananya Kumar , Percy Liang , Tengyu Ma

Differentiable planning promises end-to-end differentiability and adaptivity. However, an issue prevents it from scaling up to larger-scale problems: they need to differentiate through forward iteration layers to compute gradients, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Linfeng Zhao , Huazhe Xu , Lawson L. S. Wong

We prove a fundamental impossibility theorem: neural networks cannot simultaneously learn well-calibrated confidence estimates with meaningful diversity when trained using binary correct/incorrect supervision. Through rigorous mathematical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Arjun S. Nair , Kristina P. Sinaga

Many applications of classification methods not only require high accuracy but also reliable estimation of predictive uncertainty. However, while many current classification frameworks, in particular deep neural networks, achieve high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Jonathan Wenger , Hedvig Kjellström , Rudolph Triebel