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Designing reward functions for continuous-control robotics often leads to subtle misalignments or reward hacking, especially in complex tasks. Preference-based RL mitigates some of these pitfalls by learning rewards from comparative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Anukriti Singh , Amisha Bhaskar , Peihong Yu , Souradip Chakraborty , Ruthwik Dasyam , Amrit Bedi , Pratap Tokekar

Agentic workflows, where multiple AI agents collaborate to accomplish complex tasks like reasoning or planning, play a substantial role in many cutting-edge commercial applications, and continue to fascinate researchers across fields for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Deepak Pandita , Tharindu Cyril Weerasooriya , Ankit Parag Shah , Isabelle Diana May-Xin Ng , Christopher M. Homan , Wei Wei

Reinforcement learning is increasingly used to transform large language models into agentic systems that act over long horizons, invoke tools, and manage memory under partial observability. While recent work has demonstrated performance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Ken Huang , Jerry Huang

Large language model based agents often fail in unfamiliar environments due to premature exploitation: a tendency to act on prior knowledge before acquiring sufficient environment-specific information. We identify autonomous exploration as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ziang Ye , Wentao Shi , Yuxin Liu , Yu Wang , Zhengzhou Cai , Yaorui Shi , Qi Gu , Xunliang Cai , Fuli Feng

Recent advances in embodied agents with multimodal perception and reasoning capabilities based on large vision-language models (LVLMs), excel in autonomously interacting either real or cyber worlds, helping people make intelligent decisions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jiaqi Zhang , Chen Gao , Liyuan Zhang , Yong Li , Hongzhi Yin

The Enterprise Intelligence Platform must integrate logs from numerous third-party vendors in order to perform various downstream tasks. However, vendor documentation is often unavailable at test time. It is either misplaced, mismatched,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Wen-Kwang Tsao , Yao-Ching Yu , Chien-Ming Huang

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) built on Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit high variance in their reasoning trajectories. Process verification, which evaluates intermediate steps in trajectories, has shown promise in general reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Vishal Venkataramani , Haizhou Shi , Zixuan Ke , Austin Xu , Xiaoxiao He , Yingbo Zhou , Semih Yavuz , Hao Wang , Shafiq Joty

The ReAct (Reasoning + Action) capability in large language models (LLMs) has become the foundation of modern agentic systems. Recent LLMs, such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI o1/o3, exemplify this by emphasizing reasoning through the generation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Mrinal Rawat , Ambuje Gupta , Rushil Goomer , Alessandro Di Bari , Neha Gupta , Roberto Pieraccini

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents improve through trial-and-error, but when reward is sparse and the agent cannot discover successful action sequences, learning stagnates. This has been a notable problem in training deep RL agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Evan Zheran Liu , Kelvin Guu , Panupong Pasupat , Tianlin Shi , Percy Liang

LLM-based agents are increasingly moving towards proactivity: rather than awaiting instruction, they exercise agency to anticipate user needs and solve them autonomously. However, evaluating proactivity is challenging; current benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Gil Pasternak , Dheeraj Rajagopal , Julia White , Dhruv Atreja , Matthew Thomas , George Hurn-Maloney , Ash Lewis

As large language models evolve from conversational assistants to autonomous agents, ensuring trustworthiness requires a fundamental shift from post-hoc evaluation to real-time action verification. Current frameworks like AgentBench…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Tavishi Sharma , Vinayak Sharma , Pragya Sharma

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have shown stunning results in complex tasks, yet they often operate in isolation, failing to learn from past experiences. Existing memory-based methods primarily store raw trajectories, which are often…

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a promising way to achieve human-like autonomous driving. However, the low sample efficiency and difficulty of designing reward functions for DRL would hinder its applications in practice. In light of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Zhiyu Huang , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has made significant strides in enabling artificial agents to learn diverse behaviors. However, learning an effective policy often requires a large number of environment interactions. To mitigate sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yash Shukla , Tanushree Burman , Abhishek Kulkarni , Robert Wright , Alvaro Velasquez , Jivko Sinapov

Multi-step agentic retrieval systems based on large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in complex information search tasks. However, these systems still face significant challenges in practical applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Chuzhan Hao , Wenfeng Feng , Yuewei Zhang , Hao Wang

The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) from static instruction-followers to autonomous agents necessitates operating within complex, stateful environments to achieve precise state-transition objectives. However, this paradigm is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yucheng Zeng , Weipeng Lu , Linyun Liu , Shupeng Li , Zitian Qu , Chenghao Zhu , Shaofei Li , Zhengdong Tan , Mengyue Liu , Haotian Zhao , Zhe Zhou , Jianmin Wu

The emergence of agentic reinforcement learning (Agentic RL) marks a paradigm shift from conventional reinforcement learning applied to large language models (LLM RL), reframing LLMs from passive sequence generators into autonomous,…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is the dominant paradigm for sharpening strategic tool use capabilities of LLMs on long-horizon, sparsely-rewarded agent tasks, yet it faces a fundamental challenge of exploration-exploitation trade-off. Existing…

Visual compliance verification is a critical yet underexplored problem in computer vision, especially in domains such as media, entertainment, and advertising where content must adhere to complex and evolving policy rules. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Rahul Ghosh , Baishali Chaudhury , Hari Prasanna Das , Meghana Ashok , Ryan Razkenari , Long Chen , Sungmin Hong , Chun-Hao Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized recommendation agents by providing superior reasoning and flexible decision-making capabilities. However, existing methods mainly follow a passive information acquisition paradigm, where…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Haobo Zhang , Yutao Zhu , Kelong Mao , Tianhao Li , Zhicheng Dou
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