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Related papers: HookMIL: Revisiting Context Modeling in Multiple I…

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When applying multi-instance learning (MIL) to make predictions for bags of instances, the prediction accuracy of an instance often depends on not only the instance itself but also its context in the corresponding bag. From the viewpoint of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Tiancheng Lin , Hongteng Xu , Canqian Yang , Yi Xu

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has emerged as a popular method for classifying histopathology whole slide images (WSIs). However, existing approaches typically rely on pre-trained models from large natural image datasets, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Yi Lin , Zhongchen Zhao , Zhengjie ZHU , Lisheng Wang , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Hao Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built on powerful language backbones, have enabled Multimodal In-Context Learning (MICL)-adapting to new tasks from a few multimodal demonstrations consisting of images, questions, and answers.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Shuo Chen , Jianzhe Liu , Zhen Han , Yan Xia , Daniel Cremers , Philip Torr , Volker Tresp , Jindong Gu

In-context Learning enables training-free adaptation via demonstrations but remains highly sensitive to example selection and formatting. In unified multimodal models spanning understanding and generation, this sensitivity is exacerbated by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yicheng Xu , Jiangning Zhang , Zhucun Xue , Teng Hu , Ran Yi , Xiaobin Hu , Yong Liu , Dacheng Tao

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a powerful tool to solve the weakly supervised classification in whole slide image (WSI) based pathology diagnosis. However, the current MIL methods are usually based on independent and identical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Zhuchen Shao , Hao Bian , Yang Chen , Yifeng Wang , Jian Zhang , Xiangyang Ji , Yongbing Zhang

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) models have proven effective for cancer prognosis from Whole Slide Images. However, the original MIL formulation incorrectly assumes the patches of the same image to be independent, leading to a loss of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Thiziri Nait Saada , Valentina Di Proietto , Benoit Schmauch , Katharina Von Loga , Lucas Fidon

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) for whole slide image (WSI) analysis in computational pathology often neglects instance-level learning as supervision is typically provided only at the bag level, hindering the integrated consideration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Shuyang Wu , Yifu Qiu , Ines P. Nearchou , Sandrine Prost , Jonathan A. Fallowfield , Hideki Ueno , Hitoshi Tsuda , David J. Harrison , Hakan Bilen , Timothy J. Kendall

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has been increasingly used in the classification of histopathology whole slide images (WSIs). However, MIL approaches for this specific classification problem still face unique challenges, particularly those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Hongrun Zhang , Yanda Meng , Yitian Zhao , Yihong Qiao , Xiaoyun Yang , Sarah E. Coupland , Yalin Zheng

We propose HookNet, a semantic segmentation model for histopathology whole-slide images, which combines context and details via multiple branches of encoder-decoder convolutional neural networks. Concentricpatches at multiple resolutions…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-23 Mart van Rijthoven , Maschenka Balkenhol , Karina Siliņa , Jeroen van der Laak , Francesco Ciompi

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) plays a significant role in computational pathology, enabling weakly supervised analysis of Whole Slide Image (WSI) datasets. The field of WSI analysis is confronted with a severe long-tailed distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xitong Ling , Yifeng Ping , Jiawen Li , Jing Peng , Yuxuan Chen , Minxi Ouyang , Yizhi Wang , Yonghong He , Tian Guan , Xiaoping Liu , Lianghui Zhu

Automating medical report generation from histopathology images is a critical challenge requiring effective visual representations and domain-specific knowledge. Inspired by the common practices of human experts, we propose an in-context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shih-Wen Liu , Hsuan-Yu Fan , Wei-Ta Chu , Fu-En Yang , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang

Histomorphology is crucial in cancer diagnosis. However, existing whole slide image (WSI) classification methods struggle to effectively incorporate histomorphology information, limiting their ability to capture key pathological features.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Baizhi Wang , Rui Yan , Wenxin Ma , Xu Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Xiaolong Li , Yunjie Gu , Zihang Jiang , S. Kevin Zhou

Multi-instance learning (MIL) is widely used in the computer-aided interpretation of pathological Whole Slide Images (WSIs) to solve the lack of pixel-wise or patch-wise annotations. Often, this approach directly applies "natural image…

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) is increasingly being used as a support tool within clinical settings for pathological diagnosis decisions, achieving high performance and removing the annotation burden. However, existing approaches for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Sungrae Hong , Kyungeun Kim , Juhyeon Kim , Sol Lee , Jisu Shin , Chanjae Song , Mun Yong Yi

Multiple instance learning (MIL) has shown significant promise in histopathology whole slide image (WSI) analysis for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the inherent spatial heterogeneity of WSIs presents critical challenges, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Junjian Li , Jin Liu , Hulin Kuang , Hailin Yue , Mengshen He , Jianxin Wang

Introducing interpretability and reasoning into Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) methods for Whole Slide Image (WSI) analysis is challenging, given the complexity of gigapixel slides. Traditionally, MIL interpretability is limited to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Saarthak Kapse , Pushpak Pati , Srijan Das , Jingwei Zhang , Chao Chen , Maria Vakalopoulou , Joel Saltz , Dimitris Samaras , Rajarsi R. Gupta , Prateek Prasanna

Whole-slide images (WSIs) are an important data modality in computational pathology, yet their gigapixel resolution and lack of fine-grained annotations challenge conventional deep learning models. Multiple instance learning (MIL) offers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Qian Zeng , Yihui Wang , Shu Yang , Yingxue Xu , Fengtao Zhou , Jiabo Ma , Dejia Cai , Zhengyu Zhang , Lijuan Qu , Yu Wang , Li Liang , Hao Chen

The whole slide image (WSI) classification is often formulated as a multiple instance learning (MIL) problem. Since the positive tissue is only a small fraction of the gigapixel WSI, existing MIL methods intuitively focus on identifying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Wenhao Tang , Sheng Huang , Xiaoxian Zhang , Fengtao Zhou , Yi Zhang , Bo Liu

Segmenting tumors in histological images is vital for cancer diagnosis. While fully supervised models excel with pixel-level annotations, creating such annotations is labor-intensive and costly. Accurate histopathology image segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yinsheng He , Xingyu Li , Roger J. Zemp

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has demonstrated promise in Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification. However, a major challenge persists due to the high computational cost associated with processing these gigapixel images. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Hongyi Wang , Luyang Luo , Fang Wang , Ruofeng Tong , Yen-Wei Chen , Hongjie Hu , Lanfen Lin , Hao Chen