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Quantum error correcting (QEC) stabilizer codes enable protection of quantum information against errors during storage and processing. Simulation of noisy QEC codes is used to identify the noise parameters necessary for advantageous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Sascha Heußen , Don Winter , Manuel Rispler , Markus Müller

Active quantum error correction using qubit stabilizer codes has emerged as a promising, but experimentally challenging, engineering program for building a universal quantum computer. In this review we consider the formalism of qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-13 Barbara M. Terhal

In this paper we investigate the encoding of operator quantum error correcting codes i.e. subsystem codes. We show that encoding of subsystem codes can be reduced to encoding of a related stabilizer code making it possible to use all the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-01 Pradeep Kiran Sarvepalli , Andreas Klappenecker

To build a fault-tolerant quantum computer, it is necessary to implement a quantum error correcting code. Such codes rely on the ability to extract information about the quantum error syndrome while not destroying the quantum information…

Stabilizer codes lie at the heart of modern quantum-error-correcting codes (QECC). Of particular importance is a class called Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes, which includes many important examples such as toric codes, color codes, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Ryotaro Niwa , Jong Yeon Lee

Recently, operator quantum error-correcting codes have been proposed to unify and generalize decoherence free subspaces, noiseless subsystems, and quantum error-correcting codes. This note introduces a natural construction of such codes in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-13 Andreas Klappenecker , Pradeep Kiran Sarvepalli

We propose a scheme for detecting and correcting faults in any Clifford circuit. The scheme is based on the observation that the set of all possible outcome bit-strings of a Clifford circuit is a linear code, which we call the outcome code.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-29 Nicolas Delfosse , Adam Paetznick

Quantum error correction allows for faulty quantum systems to behave in an effectively error free manner. One important class of techniques for quantum error correction is the class of quantum subsystem codes, which are relevant both to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Gregory M. Crosswhite , Dave Bacon

I will show that there is a deep relation between error-correction codes and certain mathematical models of spin glasses. In particular minimum error probability decoding is equivalent to finding the ground state of the corresponding spin…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-31 Nicolas Sourlas

Classical coding theory contains several techniques to obtain new codes from other codes, including puncturing and shortening. For quantum codes, a form of puncturing is known, but its description is based on the code space rather than its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jaron Skovsted Gundersen , René Bødker Christensen , Markus Grassl , Petar Popovski , Rafał Wisniewski

We give an introduction to the theory of quantum error correction using stabilizer codes that is geared towards the working computer scientists and mathematicians with an interest in exploring this area. To this end, we begin with an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Zachary P. Bradshaw , Jeffrey J. Dale , Ethan N. Evans

Quantum computers have the potential to provide exponential speedups over their classical counterparts. Quantum principles are being applied to fields such as communications, information processing, and artificial intelligence to achieve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-21 Arijit Mondal , Keshab K. Parhi

Operator quantum error correction is a recently developed theory that provides a generalized framework for active error correction and passive error avoiding schemes. In this paper, we describe these codes in the stabilizer formalism of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 David Poulin

The theory of stabilizer quantum error correction allows us to actively stabilize quantum states and simulate ideal quantum operations in a noisy environment. It is critical is to correctly diagnose noise from its syndrome and nullify it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-03 Yuichiro Fujiwara

The challenge of quantum computing is to combine error resilience with universal computation. Diagonal gates such as the transversal $T$ gate play an important role in implementing a universal set of quantum operations. This paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-14 Jingzhen Hu , Qingzhong Liang , Robert Calderbank

In the context of measurement-based quantum computation a way of maintaining the coherence of a graph state is to measure its stabilizer operators. Aside from performing quantum error correction, it is possible to exploit the information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-06 Davide Orsucci , Markus Tiersch , Hans J. Briegel

Quantum error-correcting codes are a vital technology for demonstrating reliable quantum computation. They require data qubits for encoding quantum information and ancillary qubits for taking error syndromes necessary for error correction.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Shintaro Sato , Yasunari Suzuki

Quantum states are very delicate, so it is likely some sort of quantum error correction will be necessary to build reliable quantum computers. The theory of quantum error-correcting codes has some close ties to and some striking differences…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-17 Daniel Gottesman

The physical symmetries of a system play a central role in quantum error correction. In this work we encode a qubit in a collection of systems with angular-momentum symmetry (spins), extending the tools developed in Phys. Rev. Lett. 127,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Sivaprasad Omanakuttan , Jonathan A. Gross

Analyzing and developing new quantum error-correcting schemes is one of the most prominent tasks in quantum computing research. In such efforts, introducing time dynamics explicitly in both analysis and design of error-correcting protocols…