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The complexity of the error correction circuitry forces us to design quantum error correction codes capable of correcting a single error per error correction cycle. Yet, time-correlated error are common for physical implementations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Feng Lu , Dan C. Marinescu

We introduce a high-level graphical framework for designing and analysing quantum error correcting codes, centred on what we term the coherent parity check (CPC). The graphical formulation is based on the diagrammatic tools of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-21 Nicholas Chancellor , Aleks Kissinger , Joschka Roffe , Stefan Zohren , Dominic Horsman

Utilizing the framework of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theories in the context of Pauli stabilizer codes, we present methodologies for simulating fermions via qubit systems on a two-dimensional square lattice. We investigate the symplectic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 Yu-An Chen , Alexey V. Gorshkov , Yijia Xu

Scalable realisation of quantum computing is reliant on the development of fault tolerant devices. Analysis of quantum error correction protocols typically considers incoherent noise models or noise-free syndrome measurements. While this is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Ben Harper , Azar C. Nakhl , Martin Sevior , Muhammad Usman

Recent advances in quantum error-correction (QEC) have shown that it is often beneficial to understand fault-tolerance as a dynamical process, a circuit with redundant measurements that help correct errors, rather than as a static code…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Arthur Pesah , Austin K. Daniel , Ilan Tzitrin , Michael Vasmer

Benchmarking physical devices and verifying logical algorithms are important tasks for scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing. Numerous protocols exist for benchmarking devices before running actual algorithms. In this work, we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Xiao Xiao , Dominik Hangleiter , Dolev Bluvstein , Mikhail D. Lukin , Michael J. Gullans

Coherent errors are a dominant noise process in many quantum computing architectures. Unlike stochastic errors, these errors can combine constructively and grow into highly detrimental overrotations. To combat this, we introduce a simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 Dripto Debroy , Muyuan Li , Michael Newman , Kenneth R. Brown

Preparing arbitrary logical states is a central primitive for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation and the cost of encoded-state preparation contributes directly to the overall resource overhead. This makes the synthesis of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Tom Peham , Matthew Steinberg , Robert Wille , Sascha Heußen

Dynamical stabilizer codes (DSCs) have recently emerged as a powerful generalization of static stabilizer codes for quantum error correction, replacing a fixed stabilizer group with a sequence of non-commuting measurements. This dynamical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-03 Rajath Radhakrishnan , Adar Sharon , Nathanan Tantivasadakarn

We generalize the polynomial-time outcome-complete simulation algorithm for stabilizer circuits in arXiv:2309.08676 to track global phases exactly, yielding what we call phased outcome-complete simulation. The original algorithm enabled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Adam Paetznick , Marcus P. da Silva

Decoding stabilizer codes such as the surface and toric codes involves evaluating free-energy differences in a disordered statistical mechanics model, in which the randomness comes from the observed pattern of error syndromes. We study the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-20 Hongkun Chen , Daohong Xu , Grace M. Sommers , David A. Huse , Jeff D. Thompson , Sarang Gopalakrishnan

The stabilizer formalism for quantum error-correcting codes has been, without doubt, the most successful at producing examples of quantum codes with strong error-correcting properties. In this paper, we discuss strong automorphism groups of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Hanson Hao

Quantum error-correcting codes aim to protect information in quantum systems to enable fault-tolerant quantum computations. The most prevalent method, stabilizer codes, has been well developed for many varieties of systems, however, largely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Lane G. Gunderman

Simulation of stabilizer circuits is a well-studied problem in quantum information processing, with a number of highly optimized algorithms available. Yet, we argue that further improvements can arise from the theoretical structure of…

We propose a unifying paradigm for analyzing and constructing topological quantum error correcting codes as dynamical circuits of geometrically local channels and measurements. To this end, we relate such circuits to discrete fixed-point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-27 Andreas Bauer

The characterization of quantum devices is crucial for their practical implementation but can be costly in experimental effort and classical postprocessing. Therefore, it is desirable to measure only the information that is relevant for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-26 Thomas Wagner , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß , Martin Kliesch

The stabiliser formalism plays a central role in quantum computing, error correction, and fault tolerance. Conversions between and verifications of different specifications of stabiliser states and Clifford gates are important components of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-09 Nadish de Silva , Wilfred Salmon , Ming Yin

Mapping quantum error correcting codes to classical disordered statistical mechanics models and studying the phase diagram of the latter has proven a powerful tool to study the fundamental error robustness and associated critical error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-12 Davide Vodola , Manuel Rispler , Seyong Kim , Markus Müller

Quantum error correction is indispensable to achieving reliable quantum computation. When quantum information is encoded redundantly, a larger Hilbert space is constructed using multiple physical qubits, and the computation is performed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Hoshitaro Ohnishi , Hideo Mukai

Quantum circuit compilation comprises many computationally hard reasoning tasks that nonetheless lie inside #$\mathbf{P}$ and its decision counterpart in $\mathbf{PP}$. The classical simulation of general quantum circuits is a core example.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-13 Jingyi Mei , Marcello Bonsangue , Alfons Laarman