English
Related papers

Related papers: Price risk aversion vs payoff risk aversion: a gen…

200 papers

This article's aim is to provide the solution to the equity premium puzzle without using calibrated values. Calibrated values of subjective time discount factor were used in my prior derived models because 4 variables were determined from 3…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-16 Atilla Aras

Random Utility Models (RUMs) are a classical framework for modeling user preferences and play a key role in reward modeling for Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF). However, a crucial shortcoming of many of these techniques is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yeshwanth Cherapanamjeri , Constantinos Daskalakis , Gabriele Farina , Sobhan Mohammadpour

This paper develops a risk-adjusted alternative to standard optimal policy learning (OPL) for observational data by importing Roy's (1952) safety-first principle into the treatment assignment problem. We formalize a welfare functional that…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-07 Giovanni Cerulli , Francesco Caracciolo

The vast majority of existing studies that estimate the average unexplained gender pay gap use unnecessarily restrictive linear versions of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition. Using a notably rich and large data set of 1.7 million employees…

General Economics · Economics 2021-02-22 Anthony Strittmatter , Conny Wunsch

This paper empirically analyzes how individual characteristics are associated with risk aversion, loss aversion, time discounting, and present bias. To this end, we conduct a large-scale demographically representative survey across eight…

General Economics · Economics 2022-05-12 Thomas Meissner , Xavier Gassmann , Corinne Faure , Joachim Schleich

We study the trade-off between the Price of Anarchy (PoA) and the Price of Stability (PoS) in mechanism design, in the prototypical problem of unrelated machine scheduling. We give bounds on the space of feasible mechanisms with respect to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Aris Filos-Ratsikas , Yiannis Giannakopoulos , Philip Lazos

Gender differences in human behaviour have attracted generations of social scientists, who have explored whether males and females act differently in domains involving competition, risk taking, cooperation, altruism, honesty, as well as…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-06-04 Valerio Capraro

Preference-based Reinforcement Learning (PbRL) entails a variety of approaches for aligning models with human intent to alleviate the burden of reward engineering. However, most previous PbRL work has not investigated the robustness to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Sara Rajaram , R. James Cotton , Fabian H. Sinz

Direct alignment algorithms (DAAs), such as direct preference optimization (DPO), have become popular alternatives for Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) due to their simplicity, efficiency, and stability. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Jongwoo Ko , Saket Dingliwal , Bhavana Ganesh , Sailik Sengupta , Sravan Bodapati , Aram Galstyan

Safety evaluations of large language models (LLMs) typically report binary outcomes, i.e. attack success rate (ASR), refusal rate, or harmful versus safe classification, which hide how risk changes between prompt and response. We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Mengya Hu , Qiong Wei , Sandeep Atluri

This paper resolves the empirical puzzle in the public-private wage literature: why studies using similar data reach contradictory conclusions about wage premiums and penalties. Utilizing rich French administrative panel data (2012-2019),…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-21 Riddhi Kalsi

The literature on gender differences in research performance seems to suggest a gap between men and women, where the former outperform the latter. Whether one agrees with the different factors proposed to explain the phenomenon, it is…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Giovanni Abramo , Tindaro Cicero , Ciriaco Andrea D'Angelo

There is a significant underrepresentation of women in many Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) majors and careers. Prior research has shown that self-efficacy can be a critical factor in student learning, and that…

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in our daily lives, but numerous concerns about bias in LLMs exist. This study examines how gender-diverse populations perceive bias, accuracy, and trustworthiness in LLMs,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Aimen Gaba , Emily Wall , Tejas Ramkumar Babu , Yuriy Brun , Kyle Hall , Cindy Xiong Bearfield

The process of consumer decision-making is multidimensional, and price perception is a very important but still not well-understood dimension for both marketers and consumers. Although heuristics or mental shortcuts are seen as biased and…

General Economics · Economics 2025-06-26 Shawn Berry

This study examines the influence of gender on students' collaborative preferences for learning mathematics (CPLM) over time in an undergraduate mathematics context. Data collected at three points during the semester were analyzed using a…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Sang Hyun Kim , Tanya Evans

The rapid growth of e-commerce has made people accustomed to shopping online. Before making purchases on e-commerce websites, most consumers tend to rely on rating scores and review information to make purchase decisions. With this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Yingqiang Ge , Shuyuan Xu , Shuchang Liu , Zuohui Fu , Fei Sun , Yongfeng Zhang

We review the literature on the gender gap on concept inventories in physics. Across studies of the most commonly used mechanics concept inventories, the Force Concept Inventory (FCI) and Force and Motion Conceptual Evaluation (FMCE), mens…

Physics Education · Physics 2014-03-27 Adrian Madsen , Sarah B. McKagan , Eleanor C. Sayre

This case study of a typical U.S. particle physics experiment explores the issues of gender bias and how it affects the academic career advancement prospects of women in the field of physics beyond the postdoctoral level; we use public…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-04-19 S. Towers

This paper studies a continuous-time portfolio selection problem under a general distribution of random risk aversion (RRA). We provide a complete characterization of all deterministic equilibrium strategies in closed form. Our results show…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-02 Weilun Cheng , Zongxia Liang , Sheng Wang , Jianming Xia