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This benchmark suite provides a comprehensive evaluation framework for assessing both individual LLMs and multi-agent systems in Real-world planning and scheduling scenarios. The suite encompasses 14 designed planning and scheduling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Longling Geng , Edward Y. Chang

As frontier AI systems advance toward transformative capabilities, we need a parallel transformation in how we measure and evaluate these systems to ensure safety and inform governance. While benchmarks have been the primary method for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Markov Grey , Charbel-Raphaël Segerie

AI agents are increasingly embedded in real software systems, where they execute multi-step workflows through multi-turn dialogue, tool invocations, and intermediate decisions. These long execution histories, called agentic traces, make…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Reshabh K Sharma , Shraddha Barke , Benjamin Zorn

As large language models (LLMs) become high-privilege agents in risk-sensitive settings, they introduce systemic threats beyond hallucination, where minor compliance errors can cause critical data leaks. However, existing benchmarks focus…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jinru Ding , Chao Ding , Yidong Jiang , Wenrao Pang , Boyi Xiao , Zhiqiang Liu , Jiayuan Chen , Yun Zhong , Tiantian Yuan , Junming Guan , Dawei Cheng , Jie Xu

The rise of autonomous AI agents suggests that dynamic benchmark environments with built-in feedback on scientifically grounded tasks are needed to evaluate the capabilities of these agents in research work. We introduce Stargazer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xinge Liu , Terry Jingchen Zhang , Bernhard Schölkopf , Zhijing Jin , Kristen Menou

AI agents -- systems that plan, reason, and act using large language models -- produce non-deterministic, path-dependent behavior that cannot be fully governed at design time, where with governed we mean striking the right balance between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Maurits Kaptein , Vassilis-Javed Khan , Andriy Podstavnychy

AI agents - i.e. AI systems that autonomously plan, invoke external tools, and execute multi-step action chains with reduced human involvement - are being deployed at scale across enterprise functions ranging from customer service and…

AI research agents accelerate ML research by automating hypothesis generation, experimentation, and empirical refinement. Existing agent strategies range from greedy hill-climbing to tree search and evolutionary optimization, yet which…

Real-world requests to AI agents are fundamentally underspecified. Natural human communication relies on shared context and unstated constraints that speakers expect listeners to infer. Current agentic benchmarks test explicit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Ved Sirdeshmukh , Marc Wetter

Automated control monitors could play an important role in overseeing highly capable AI agents that we do not fully trust. Prior work has explored control monitoring in simplified settings, but scaling monitoring to real-world deployments…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 David Lindner , Charlie Griffin , Tomek Korbak , Roland S. Zimmermann , Geoffrey Irving , Sebastian Farquhar , Alan Cooney

AI systems are being deployed to support human decision making in high-stakes domains. In many cases, the human and AI form a team, in which the human makes decisions after reviewing the AI's inferences. A successful partnership requires…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Gagan Bansal , Besmira Nushi , Ece Kamar , Dan Weld , Walter Lasecki , Eric Horvitz

Large language models are increasingly being assembled into medical multi-agent systems that emulate multidisciplinary consultation through specialist roles, peer review and consensus formation. In clinical decision support, however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yinghao Zhu , Lei Gu , Zixiang Wang , Haoran Sang , Dehao Sui , Wen Tang , Lan Mi , Yasha Wang , Junyi Gao , Liang Yao , Tianfan Fu , Ewen Harrison , Lequan Yu , Liantao Ma

We present a rigorous, human-in-the-loop evaluation framework for assessing the performance of AI agents on the task of Air Traffic Control, grounded in a regulator-certified simulator-based curriculum used for training and testing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ben Carvell , Marc Thomas , Andrew Pace , Christopher Dorney , George De Ath , Richard Everson , Nick Pepper , Adam Keane , Samuel Tomlinson , Richard Cannon

As large language models are increasingly deployed as interacting agents in high-stakes decisions, the AI safety community assumes that safety properties of individual models will compose into safe multi-agent behavior. This position paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tanav Singh Bajaj , Nikhil Singh , Karan Anand , Eishkaran Singh

The project of aligning machine behavior with human values raises a basic problem: whose moral expectations should guide AI decision-making? Much alignment research assumes that the appropriate benchmark is how humans themselves would act…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Benjamin Minhao Chen , Xinyu Xie

AI agents hold the potential to revolutionize scientific productivity by automating literature reviews, replicating experiments, analyzing data, and even proposing new directions of inquiry; indeed, there are now many such agents, ranging…

Artificial intelligence has advanced rapidly across perception, language, reasoning, and multimodal domains. Yet despite these achievements, modern AI systems remain fundamentally limited in their ability to self-monitor, self-correct, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Noorbakhsh Amiri Golilarz , Sindhuja Penchala , Shahram Rahimi

To understand and identify the unprecedented risks posed by rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) models, Frontier AI Risk Management Framework in Practice presents a comprehensive assessment of their frontier risks. As Large…

One major challenge for the adoption and acceptance of automated vehicles (AVs) is ensuring that they can make sound decisions in everyday situations that involve ethical tension. Much attention has focused on rare, high-stakes dilemmas…

Frontier AI regulations primarily focus on systems deployed to external users, where deployment is more visible and subject to outside scrutiny. However, high-stakes applications can occur internally when companies deploy highly capable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Joe Kwon , Stephen Casper