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Developing autonomous driving systems for complex traffic environments requires balancing multiple objectives, such as avoiding collisions, obeying traffic rules, and making efficient progress. In many situations, these objectives cannot be…

Modern AI benchmarks operate at a complexity that outpaces traditional verification methods. Tasks authored by domain experts often contain implicit assumptions, incomplete environment specifications, and brittle evaluation logic that human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Junlin Wang , Federico Bianchi , Shang Zhu , Fan Nie , Yongchan Kwon , Bhuwan Dhingra , James Zou

The rise of agentic AI systems, where agents collaborate to perform diverse tasks, poses new challenges with observing, analyzing and optimizing their behavior. Traditional evaluation and benchmarking approaches struggle to handle the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Dany Moshkovich , Hadar Mulian , Sergey Zeltyn , Natti Eder , Inna Skarbovsky , Roy Abitbol

As Large Language Model (LLM) agents become more widespread, associated misalignment risks increase. While prior research has studied agents' ability to produce harmful outputs or follow malicious instructions, it remains unclear how likely…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve into autonomous agents, existing safety evaluations face a fundamental trade-off: manual benchmarks are costly, while LLM-based simulators are scalable but suffer from logic hallucination. We present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Changyi Li , Pengfei Lu , Xudong Pan , Fazl Barez , Min Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) based autonomous agents demonstrate multifaceted capabilities to contribute substantially to economic production. However, existing benchmarks remain focused on single agentic capability, failing to capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Keyu Li , Junhao Shi , Yang Xiao , Mohan Jiang , Jie Sun , Yunze Wu , Dayuan Fu , Shijie Xia , Xiaojie Cai , Tianze Xu , Weiye Si , Wenjie Li , Dequan Wang , Pengfei Liu

Autonomous agents have rapidly matured as task executors and seen widespread deployment via harnesses such as OpenClaw. Safety concerns have rightly drawn growing research attention, and beneath them lie the values silently steering agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haonan Dong , Qiguan Feng , Kehan Jiang , Haoran Ye , Xin Zhang , Guojie Song

Large language model-based agents are rapidly evolving from simple conversational assistants into autonomous systems capable of performing complex, professional-level tasks in various domains. While these advancements promise significant…

This position paper states that AI Alignment in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) should be considered a dynamic and interaction-dependent process that heavily depends on the social environment where agents are deployed, either collaborative,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Florian Carichon , Aditi Khandelwal , Marylou Fauchard , Golnoosh Farnadi

The deployment of decision-making AI agents presents a critical challenge in maintaining alignment with human values or guidelines while operating in complex, dynamic environments. Agents trained solely to achieve their objectives may adopt…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Dena Mujtaba , Brian Hu , Anthony Hoogs , Arslan Basharat

Frontier AI systems perform best in settings with clear, stable, and verifiable objectives, such as code generation, mathematical reasoning, games, and unit-test-driven tasks. They remain less reliable in open-ended settings, including…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jie Zhou , Qin Chen , Liang He

We study AI alignment through the lens of law-and-economics models of deterrence and enforcement. In these models, misconduct is not treated as an external failure, but as a strategic response to incentives: an actor weighs the gain from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rohit Agarwal , Joshua Lin , Mark Braverman , Elad Hazan

Artificial intelligence systems are now deployed at scale across sectors, accompanied by a growing number of real-world incidents ranging from misinformation and cybercrime to autonomous-system failures. Databases of AI incidents index…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Sophia Abraham , Taiye Chen , Cyril Chhun , Giovanna Jaramillo-Gutierrez , Simon Mylius , Sayash Raaj , Peter Slattery , Sean McGregor

AI incident reporting requirements are emerging in regulation and policy, yet no operational criteria exist for determining when a detected AI incident warrants escalation beyond national handling to international coordination. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Francesca Gomez , Matthew Ball , Michael Harre , Lydia Preston , Josephine Schwab , Caio Machado

Frontier AI systems are rapidly advancing in their capabilities to persuade, deceive, and influence human behaviour, with current models already demonstrating human-level persuasion and strategic deception in specific contexts. Humans are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Rishane Dassanayake , Mario Demetroudi , James Walpole , Lindley Lentati , Jason R. Brown , Edward James Young

Quantitative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Benchmarks have emerged as fundamental tools for evaluating the performance, capability, and safety of AI models and systems. Currently, they shape the direction of AI development and are playing an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Maria Eriksson , Erasmo Purificato , Arman Noroozian , Joao Vinagre , Guillaume Chaslot , Emilia Gomez , David Fernandez-Llorca

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in human-AI interaction research and practice, yet existing capability and safety benchmarks reveal little about the value priorities these systems express or how those priorities…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Gabriel Rongyang Lau , Wei Yan Low , Seow Min Koh , Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah , Andree Hartanto

Recent human-computer interaction (HCI) research has revealed a widespread misalignment between how developers design workplace artificial intelligence (AI) systems, and what workers actually need from them. Yet, little research has…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Julia De Miguel Velázquez , Sanja Šćepanović , Andrés Gvirtz , Daniele Quercia

Existing work on the alignment problem has focused mainly on (1) qualitative descriptions of the alignment problem; (2) attempting to align AI actions with human interests by focusing on value specification and learning; and/or (3) focusing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Aidan Kierans , Avijit Ghosh , Hananel Hazan , Shiri Dori-Hacohen

Deployed, autonomous AI systems must often evaluate multiple plausible courses of action (extended sequences of behavior) in novel or under-specified contexts. Despite extensive training, these systems will inevitably encounter scenarios…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Steven J. Jones , Robert E. Wray , John E. Laird