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Combinatorial optimization problems are ubiquitous in industry. In addition to finding a solution with minimum cost, problems of high relevance involve a number of constraints that the solution must satisfy. Variational quantum algorithms…

This paper focuses on Bayesian Optimization in combinatorial spaces. In many applications in the natural science. Broad applications include the study of molecules, proteins, DNA, device structures and quantum circuit designs, a on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Tony C. Wu , Daniel Flam-Shepherd , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

We show that the formalism of tensor-network states, such as the matrix product states (MPS), can be used as a basis for variational quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Using a stochastic optimization method, we demonstrate the potential of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-13 A. W. Sandvik , G. Vidal

The prevalence of variational methods in near-term quantum computing makes optimizer choice critical, yet selection is frequently intuition-based. We therefore present a systematic benchmark of eight classical optimization algorithms for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 S. Illésová , V. Novák , T. Bezděk , C. Possel , M. Beseda

We propose a tensor-network (TN) approach for solving classical optimization problems that is inspired by spectral filtering and sampling on quantum states. We first shift and scale an Ising Hamiltonian of the cost function so that all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-09 Ryo Watanabe , Joseph Tindall , Shohei Miyakoshi , Hiroshi Ueda

This work presents a comparative study of new and existing optimization and diagonalization methods for solving time-independent partial differential equations (PDEs) using matrix product states (MPS) in the quantized tensor-train formalism…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Paula García-Molina , Luca Tagliacozzo , Juan José García-Ripoll

Optimization problems with the objective function in the form of weighted sum and linear equality constraints are considered. Given that the number of local cost functions can be large as well as the number of constraints, a stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Nataša Krejić , Nataša Krklec Jerinkić , Sanja Rapajić , Luka Rutešić

The indefinite least squares (ILS) problem is a generalization of the famous linear least squares problem. It minimizes an indefinite quadratic form with respect to a signature matrix. For this problem, we first propose an impressively…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-30 Yanjun Zhang , Hanyu Li

We present several improvements of the infinite matrix product state (iMPS) algorithm for finding ground states of one-dimensional quantum systems with long-range interactions. As a main new ingredient we introduce the superposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-19 V. Nebendahl , W. Dür

Quantum annealing is a heuristic algorithm for searching the ground state of an Ising model. Heuristic algorithms aim to obtain near-optimal solutions with a reasonable computation time. Accordingly, many algorithms have so far been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Shuntaro Okada , Masayuki Ohzeki

We introduce a novel LLM based solution design approach that utilizes combinatorial optimization and sampling. Specifically, a set of factors that influence the quality of the solution are identified. They typically include factors that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Samuel Ackerman , Eitan Farchi , Rami Katan , Orna Raz

While variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have demonstrated considerable success in unconstrained optimization, their application to constrained combinatorial problems face a trade-off. Penalty-based methods, despite their circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Hui-Min Li , Yuan-Liang Han , Zhi-Xi Wang , Shao-Ming Fei

In stochastic modeling, there has been a significant effort towards finding predictive models that predict a stochastic process' future using minimal information from its past. Meanwhile, in condensed matter physics, matrix product states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-05 Chengran Yang , Felix C. Binder , Varun Narasimhachar , Mile Gu

We study the costs and benefits of different quantum approaches to finding approximate solutions of constrained combinatorial optimization problems with a focus on Maximum Independent Set. In the Lagrange multiplier approach we analyze the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Zain H. Saleem , Teague Tomesh , Bilal Tariq , Martin Suchara

From fundamental sciences to economics and industry, discrete optimization problems are ubiquitous. Yet, their complexity often renders exact solutions intractable, necessitating the use of approximate methods. Heuristics inspired by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Lorenzo Fioroni , Vincenzo Savona

Ising formulations are widely utilized to solve combinatorial optimization problems, and a variety of quantum or semiconductor-based hardware has recently been made available. In combinatorial optimization problems, the existence of local…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 Yoshiki Sato , Makiko Konoshima , Hirotaka Tamura , Jun Ohkubo

Calculating the energy spectrum of a quantum system is an important task, for example to analyse reaction rates in drug discovery and catalysis. There has been significant progress in developing algorithms to calculate the ground state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-12 Suguru Endo , Tyson Jones , Sam McArdle , Xiao Yuan , Simon Benjamin

We present a new variational method, based on the matrix product operator (MPO) ansatz, for finding the steady state of dissipative quantum chains governed by master equations of the Lindblad form. Instead of requiring an accurate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-10 Jian Cui , J. Ignacio Cirac , Mari Carmen Bañuls

Determining quantum excited states is crucial across physics and chemistry but presents significant challenges for variational methods, primarily due to the need to enforce orthogonality to lower-energy states, often requiring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Shi-Xin Zhang , Lei Wang

Variational inference methods for latent variable statistical models have gained popularity because they are relatively fast, can handle large data sets, and have deterministic convergence guarantees. However, in practice it is unclear…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-22 Hachem Saddiki , Andrew C. Trapp , Patrick Flaherty