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Exceptional points (EPs) are remarkable spectral degeneracies in a non-Hermitian system's parameter space, where both eigenvalues and eigenstates coalesce. Here, we show that in non-Hermitian molecular chiral systems the position of EPs in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Nicola Mayer , Alexander Löhr , Nimrod Moiseyev , Misha Ivanov , Olga Smirnova

Topology, a well-established concept in mathematics, has nowadays become essential to describe condensed matter. At its core are chiral electron states on the bulk, surfaces and edges of the condensed matter systems, in which spin and…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-05-13 Claudia Felser , Johannes Gooth

The dynamical encirclement around a second order exceptional point (EP) and corresponding chirality driven nonadiabatic modal dynamics have attracted enormous attention in the topological study of various non-Hermitian systems. However,…

Optics · Physics 2020-04-08 Sibnath Dey , Arnab Laha , Somnath Ghosh

Non-Hermitian systems and their topological singularities, such as exceptional points (EPs), lines, and surfaces, have recently attracted intense interest. The investigation of these exceptional constituents has led to fruitful…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-08 Liang Fang , Kai Bai , Cheng Guo , Tian-Rui Liu , Jia-Zheng Li , Meng Xiao

Exceptional points (EPs) are non-Hermitian degeneracies where eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, giving rise to unusual physical effects across scientific disciplines. The concept of EPs has recently been extended to nonlinear physical…

Compared with Hermitian theory, non-Hermitian physics offers a fundamentally different mathematical framework, enabling the observation of topological phenomena that have no analogue in Hermitian systems. Among these, the exceptional point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Zhong-Sheng Chen , Wei-Xin Chen , Fan Wu , Zhong-Wei Xu , Jing Ma , Yun-Kun Jiang , Huai-Zhi Wu , Shi-Biao Zheng

Exceptional points (EPs) with their intriguing spectral topology have attracted considerable attention in a broad range of physical systems, with potential sensing applications driving much of the present research in this field. Here we…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-29 Jan Wingenbach , Stefan Schumacher , Xuekai Ma

Topological phase transitions are typically characterized by abrupt changes in a quantized invariant. Here we report a contrasting paradigm in non-Hermitian parity-time symmetric systems, where the topological invariant remains conserved,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Kang Yang , Zhi Li , Peng Xue , Emil J. Bergholtz , Piet W. Brouwer

The most intriguing properties of non-Hermitian systems are found near the exceptional points (EPs) at which the Hamiltonian matrix becomes defective. Due to the complex topological structure of the energy Riemann surfaces close to an EP…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-06-19 Xu-Lin Zhang , Shubo Wang , Bo Hou , C. T. Chan

Non-Hermitian systems can produce branch singularities known as exceptional points (EPs). Different from singularities in Hermitian systems, the topological properties of an EP can involve either the winding of eigenvalues that produces a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Weiyuan Tang , Kun Ding , Guancong Ma

Defective spectral degeneracy, known as exceptional point (EP), lies at the heart of various intriguing phenomena in optics, acoustics, and other nonconservative systems. Despite extensive studies in the past two decades, the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-13 Cui-Xian Guo , Shu Chen , Kun Ding , Haiping Hu

In non-Hermitian systems, the defective band degeneracies, so-called exceptional points (EPs), can form robust exceptional lines (ELs) in 3D momentum space in the absence of any symmetries. Here, we show that a natural orientation can be…

Optics · Physics 2022-12-13 Ruo-Yang Zhang , Xiaohan Cui , Wen-Jie Chen , Zhao-Qing Zhang , C. T. Chan

Chirality, or handedness, is a geometrical property denoting a lack of mirror symmetry. Chirality is ubiquitous in nature and is associated with the non-reciprocal interactions observed in complex systems ranging from biomolecules to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-08 Jonah S. Peter , Stefan Ostermann , Susanne F. Yelin

Weyl semimetals are a three dimensional gapless topological phase in which bands intersect at arbitrary points -- the Weyl nodes -- in the Brillouin zone. These points carry a topological quantum number known as the \emph{chirality} and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-03-05 Pavan Hosur , Xiao-Liang Qi

Exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems are branch singularities where eigenvalues and eigenvectors simultaneously coalesce, leading to rich topological phenomena beyond those in Hermitian systems. In this work, we systematically…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-12 Jung-Wan Ryu , Jae-Ho Han , Chang-Hwan Yi

Non-Hermitian systems hosting exceptional points (EPs) exhibit signal enhancement and unconventional mode dynamics. Going beyond isolated EPs, here we report on the existence of exceptional rings (ERs) in planar optical resonators with…

In this article the concept of enantiomorphism is developed in terms of topological, rather than geometrical, concepts. Chirality is to be associated with enantiomorphic pairs which induce Optical Activity, while Helicity is to be…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. M. Kiehn

Chirality manifests across multiple scales, yielding unique phenomena that break mirror symmetry. In chiral materials, unexpectedly large spin-filtering or photogalvanic effects have been observed even in materials composed of light…

Exceptional points (EPs), i.e., non-Hermitian degeneracies at which eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, can be realized by tuning the gain/loss contrast of different modes in non-Hermitian systems or by engineering the asymmetric…

Non-Hermitian systems have attracted considerable attention for their broad impacts on various physical platforms and peculiar applications. In non-Hermitian systems, both eigenvalues and eigenstates simultaneously coalesce at exceptional…

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