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A single-photon avalanche detector (SPAD) for high-speed quantum-key generation has successfully been developed. It has the highest photon detection repetition frequency and the lowest dark count rate in the world, as a board-mountable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-12-28 Seigo Takahashi , Akio Tajima , Akihisa Tomita

We simulate streamers in air at standard temperature and pressure in a short overvolted gap. The simulation is performed with a 3D hybrid model that traces the single electrons and photons in the low density region, while modeling the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2011-12-01 Chao Li , Ute Ebert , Willem Hundsdorfer

GeSn-based avalanche photodiode (APD) operating in shortwave infrared (SWIR) wavelength was demonstrated in this work. A separate absorption and charge multiplication (SACM) structure was employed to take advantage of long wavelength…

Sensitive avalanche photodetectors (APDs) that operate within the ultraviolet spectrum are critically required for applications in detecting fire and deep-space exploration. However, the development of such devices faces significant…

Single-photon detectors, like Avalanche Photo Diodes (APDs), have a great importance in many fields like quantum key distribution, laser ranging, florescence microscopy, etc. Afterpulsing is a typical non ideal behavior of APDs, operated in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-03-28 Abdul W. Ziarkash , Siddarth Koduru Joshi , Mario Stipčević , Rupert Ursin

Single photon detectors have dark count rates that depend strongly on the bias level for detector operation. In the case of weak light sources such as novel lasers or single-photon emitters, the rate of counts due to the light source can be…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-16 Nicole Menkart , Joseph D. Hart , Thomas E. Murphy , Rajarshi Roy

Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) are detectors sensitive to single photons that are used to detect scintillation and Cherenkov light in a variety of physics and medical-imaging applications. SiPMs measure single photons by amplifying the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-10-23 G. Gallina , F. Retiere , P. Giampa , J. Kroeger , P. Margetak , S. Byrne Mamahit , A. De St. Croix , F. Edaltafar , N. Massacret , M. Ward , G. Zhang

We present the design and simulation of a 30 $\mathrm{\mu m}$ thick 4H-SiC Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) optimized for high-voltage operation. A 2.4 $\mathrm{\mu m}$ thick epitaxially grown gain layer enables controlled internal…

Monte Carlo simulations are a crucial tool for the analysis and prediction of various background components in liquid xenon (LXe) detectors. With improving shielding in new experiments, the simulation of external backgrounds, such as…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-03-31 S. Bruenner , A. P. Colijn , M. P. Decowski , O. V. Kesber

Different techniques of event biasing have been implemented in the particle-based Monte Carlo simulations of a 15nm n-channel MOSFET. The primary goal is to achieve enhancement in the channel statistics and faster convergence in the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-10-27 Sharnali Islam , Mihail Nedjalkov , Shaikh Ahmed

In order to build a new concept of photomultiplier based on silicon technology, design and characterization of 5x5 arrays of a new generation of single photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) manufactured by ST-Microelectronics have been performed.…

Silicon single-photon detectors (SPDs) are key devices for detecting single photons in the visible wavelength range. Photon detection efficiency (PDE) is one of the most important parameters of silicon SPDs, and increasing PDE is highly…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-08 Yu-Qiang Fang , Kai Luo , Xing-Guo Gao , Gai-Qing Huo , Ang Zhong , Peng-Fei Liao , Pu Pu , Xiao-Hui Bao , Yu-Ao Chen , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

In this paper we present a novel construction of an active quenching circuit intended for single photon detection. For purpose of evaluation, we have combined this circuit with a standard avalanche photodiode C30902S to form a single photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-21 Mario Stipcevic

Integrated technologies greatly enhance the prospects for practical quantum information processing and sensing devices based on trapped ions. High-speed and high-fidelity ion state readout is critical for any such application. Integrated…

Time-resolved single photon imaging is a promising imaging modality characterized by the unique capability of timestamping the arrivals of single photons. Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) are the leading technology for implementing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Aleksi Suonsivu , Lauri Salmela , Edoardo Peretti , Leevi Uosukainen , Radu Ciprian Bilcu , Giacomo Boracchi

We demonstrate an efficient and scalable compressive Raman parallelization scheme based on single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays to reach pixel dwell times of 23 $\mu$s, representing over 10$\times$ speed-up using the otherwise weak…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-01-20 Clémence Gentner , Samuel Burri , Edoardo Charbon , Claudio Bruschini , Hilton B. de Aguiar

While it took about a decade for a germanium (Ge) thin film grown on a silicon (Si) substrate to be successfully applied as a detector material for high-speed optical fiber communication application, it took about another decade to further…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-11 Neil Na , Erik Chen , Gerald S. Bullerb , Robert H. Hadfield , Richard A. Sorefd

In a random ray method of neutral particle transport simulation, each iteration begins by sampling a set of rays before proceeding to solve the characteristic transport equation along the linear paths the rays follow. Historically,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-01-13 Samuel Pasmann , John Tramm

Single-photon detector (SPD), an essential building block of the quantum communication system, plays a fundamental role in developing next-generation quantum technologies. In this work, we propose an efficient modeling workflow of nanowire…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Zhe Li , H. Hoe Tan , Chennupati Jagadish , Lan Fu

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are widely used today in time-resolved imaging applications. However, traditional architectures rely on time-to-digital converters (TDCs) and histogram-based processing, leading to significant data…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-10 Yang Lin , Claudio Bruschini , Edoardo Charbon