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The explosive growth of computation and energy cost of artificial intelligence has spurred strong interests in new computing modalities as potential alternatives to conventional electronic processors. Photonic processors that execute…
Electron microscopy has enabled many scientific breakthroughs across multiple fields. A key challenge is the tuning of microscope parameters based on images to overcome optical aberrations that deteriorate image quality. This calibration…
Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has advanced rapidly in the last decade thanks to the ability to correct the major aberrations of the probe forming lens. Now atomic-sized beams are routine, even at accelerating voltages as…
Coherent X-ray scattering techniques are critical for investigating the fundamental structural properties of materials at the nanoscale. While advancements have made these experiments more accessible, real-time analysis remains a…
In this paper, we demonstrate a computationally efficient new approach based on deep learning (DL) techniques for analysis, design, and optimization of electromagnetic (EM) nanostructures. We use the strong correlation among features of a…
The fusion of rigorous physical laws with flexible data-driven learning represents a new frontier in scientific simulation, yet bridging the gap between physical interpretability and computational efficiency remains a grand challenge. In…
The technological advance of High Numerical Aperture Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (High NA EUVL) has opened the gates to extensive researches on thinner photoresists (below 30nm), necessary for the industrial implementation of High NA…
Single particle imaging (SPI) at X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) is a technique to determine the 3D structure of nanoscale objects like biomolecules from a large number of diffraction patterns of copies of these objects in random…
We propose approaches based on deep learning to localize objects in images when only a small training dataset is available and the images have low quality. That applies to many problems in medical image processing, and in particular to the…
Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an emerging imaging modality capable of visualizing proteins and macro-molecular complexes at near-atomic resolution. The low electron-doses used to prevent sample radiation damage,…
To overcome the limit of diffraction while achieving the superresolution technique, solid immersion lenses are the key optical elements for data storage and nanophotonics applications. Recent demonstrations have shown how different…
Characterization and control of the transverse phase space of high-brightness electron beams is required at free-electron lasers or electron diffraction experiments for emittance measurement and beam optimization as well as at advanced…
We present a physics-informed deep learning framework to address common limitations in Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM), such as diffraction limited resolution, noise, and undersampling due to low laser power conditions. The…
Atom segmentation and localization, noise reduction and deblurring of atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images with high precision and robustness is a challenging task. Although several conventional…
Image segmentation aims to partition an image according to the objects in the scene and is a fundamental step in analysing very high spatial-resolution (VHR) remote sensing imagery. Current methods struggle to effectively consider land…
Dark-field X-ray imaging visualizes structural inhomogeneities through small-angle scattering, but existing directional methods are confined to the micrometer scale. While recent advances have extended dark-field capabilities to nanoscale…
The emergence of far-field super-resolution microscopy has rejuvenated the possibility for nanoscale imaging. Approaches to far-field super-resolution that utilize point scanning often depends on spatially reducing the size of the focused…
Nanoparticle surface structural dynamics is believed to play a significant role in regulating functionalities such as diffusion, reactivity, and catalysis but the atomic-level processes are not well understood. Atomic resolution…
Accreting neutron stars (NSs) represent a unique laboratory for probing the physics of accretion in the presence of strong magnetic fields ($B\gtrsim 10^8$ G). Additionally, the matter inside the NS itself exists in an ultra-dense, cold…
The Dark MAtter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) instrument is a space-borne cosmic-ray detector, capable of measuring ion fluxes up to $\sim$500 TeV/n. This energy scale is made accessible through its calorimeter, which is the deepest currently…