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Task-based measures of image quality (IQ) are critical for evaluating medical imaging systems, which must account for randomness including anatomical variability. Stochastic object models (SOMs) provide a statistical description of such…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xiaoning Lei , Jianwei Sun , Wenhao Cai , Xichen Xu , Yanshu Wang , Hu Gao

Tracking and modeling unknown rigid objects in the environment play a crucial role in autonomous unmanned systems and virtual-real interactive applications. However, many existing Simultaneous Localization, Mapping and Moving Object…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Linghao Yang , Yanmin Wu , Yu Deng , Rui Tian , Xinggang Hu , Tiefeng Ma

Training segmentation models for medical images continues to be challenging due to the limited availability of data annotations. Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a foundation model that is intended to segment user-defined objects of interest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Maciej A. Mazurowski , Haoyu Dong , Hanxue Gu , Jichen Yang , Nicholas Konz , Yixin Zhang

Traditional unsupervised optical flow methods are vulnerable to occlusions and motion boundaries due to lack of object-level information. Therefore, we propose UnSAMFlow, an unsupervised flow network that also leverages object information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Shuai Yuan , Lei Luo , Zhuo Hui , Can Pu , Xiaoyu Xiang , Rakesh Ranjan , Denis Demandolx

Side-scan sonar (SSS) is a lightweight acoustic sensor that is commonly deployed on autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to provide high-resolution seafloor images. However, leveraging side-scan images for simultaneous localization and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jun Zhang , Yiping Xie , Li Ling , John Folkesson

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) made an eye-catching debut recently and inspired many researchers to explore its potential and limitation in terms of zero-shot generalization capability. As the first promptable foundation model for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Dongjie Cheng , Ziyuan Qin , Zekun Jiang , Shaoting Zhang , Qicheng Lao , Kang Li

We take the perspective in which we want to design a downstream task (such as estimating vegetation coverage) on a certain area of interest (AOI) with a limited labeling budget. By leveraging an existing Foundation Model (FM) we must decide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Raul Ramos-Pollan , Freddie Kalaitzis , Karthick Panner Selvam

The resolution and contrast of microscope imaging is often affected by aberrations introduced by imperfect optical systems and inhomogeneous refractive structures in specimens. Adaptive optics (AO) compensates these aberrations and restores…

Jamming devices disrupt signals from the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and pose a significant threat by compromising the reliability of accurate positioning. Consequently, the detection and localization of these interference…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Lucas Heublein , Christian Wielenberg , Thorsten Nowak , Tobias Feigl , Christopher Mutschler , Felix Ott

The past decade has witnessed significant progress on detecting objects in aerial images that are often distributed with large scale variations and arbitrary orientations. However most of existing methods rely on heuristically defined…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Jiaming Han , Jian Ding , Jie Li , Gui-Song Xia

Time-series foundation models excel at tasks like forecasting across diverse data types by leveraging informative waveform representations. Wearable sensing data, however, pose unique challenges due to their variability in patterns and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yunfei Luo , Yuliang Chen , Asif Salekin , Tauhidur Rahman

In the rapidly advancing field of robotics, the fusion of state-of-the-art visual technologies with mobile robotic arms has emerged as a critical integration. This paper introduces a novel system that combines the Segment Anything model…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Shimian Zhang , Qiuhong Lu

Segment Anything (SAM) has recently pushed the boundaries of segmentation by demonstrating zero-shot generalization and flexible prompting after training on over one billion masks. Despite this, its mask prediction accuracy often falls…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zezhong Fan , Xiaohan Li , Topojoy Biswas , Kaushiki Nag , Kannan Achan

Atmospheric turbulence characterization is crucial for technologies like free-space optical communications. Existing methods using a spatially-integrated one-dimensional (1D) orbital angular momentum (OAM) spectrum, P(m), obscure the…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-09 Wenjie Jiang , Mingjian Cheng , Lixin Guo , Andrew Forbes

Sampling of a spatiotemporal field for environmental sensing is of interest. Traditionally, a few fixed stations or sampling locations aid in the reconstruction of the spatial field. Recently, there has been an interest in mobile sensing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Sudeep Salgia , Animesh Kumar

Universal visual anomaly detection (AD) aims to identify anomaly images and segment anomaly regions towards open and dynamic scenarios, following zero- and few-shot paradigms without any dataset-specific fine-tuning. We have witnessed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Bin-Bin Gao , Chengjie Wang

Emerging computational measurement techniques for acquiring multi-dimensional optical field information, such as spectrum and polarization, are rapidly advancing and offer promising solutions for realizing high-performance miniature…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-10 Yangyang Wan , QianYu Zhou , Lin Ma , Xinyu Fan , Zuyuan He

This paper develops a comprehensive target modeling, beamforming optimization, and parameter estimation framework for extended-target sensing in wideband MIMO-OFDM integrated sensing and communication systems. We propose a parametric…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Rang Liu , Ming Li , A. Lee Swindlehurst

Recent advances in Remote Sensing Foundation Models (RSFMs) have led to significant breakthroughs in the field. While many RSFMs have been pretrained with massive optical imagery, more multispectral/hyperspectral data remain lack of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yuxiang Zhang , Wei Li , Mengmeng Zhang , Jiawei Han , Ran Tao , Shunlin Liang

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) serves as a fundamental model for semantic segmentation and demonstrates remarkable generalization capabilities across a wide range of downstream scenarios. In this empirical study, we examine SAM's…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-15 An Wang , Mobarakol Islam , Mengya Xu , Yang Zhang , Hongliang Ren