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The rapid growth of hyperscale data centers driven by Large Language Models and Artificial Intelligence workloads has introduced new challenges for power systems. These facilities experience abrupt power variations during model training and…
Artificial-intelligence (AI) workloads are driving rapid growth in data-center electricity use and rack power density, increasing demand for power-delivery systems that are efficient and robust to fast load transients. Conventional…
The rising demand of computing power leads to the installation of a large number of Data Centers (DCs). Their Fault-Ride-Through (FRT) behavior and their unique power characteristics, especially for DCs catered to Artificial Intelligence…
Enabling continued data-center growth under increasing grid stress motivates closer coordination between flexible computing demand and co-located battery energy storage systems (BESS) to improve site operations and provide grid services.…
In this paper, we propose a novel four-stage distributed controller for a DC microgrid that achieves power sharing and average voltage regulation for the voltages at actuated and unactuated buses. The controller is presented for a DC…
This paper proposes and experimentally validates a joint control and scheduling framework for a grid-forming converter-interfaced BESS providing multiple services to the electrical grid. The framework is designed to dispatch the operation…
The introduction of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) has led to the formulation of Microgrids (MGs) and Networks of MGs (NMGs). MGs and NMGs can operate in islanded mode, transforming the grid into a…
The explosive growth of artificial intelligence has created gigawatt-scale data centers that fundamentally challenge power system operation, exhibiting power fluctuations exceeding 500 MW within seconds and millisecond-scale variations of…
This paper presents a passivity-based control framework for AC-DC converters supplying non-passive Information Technology rack loads in DC data centers. Unlike conventional cascaded proportional-integral controllers that ensure stability…
Emerging connect-and-manage practices allow new transmission-connected mega-loads to connect while enforcing time-varying admissible power exchange limits at the point of common coupling (PCC) in real time. Hyperscale artificial…
This paper develops a new dynamic power profiling approach for modeling AI-centric datacenter loads and analyzing their impact on grid operations, particularly their potential to induce wide-area grid oscillations. We characterize the…
In Part-I, we presented an optimal day-ahead scheduling scheme for dispatching active distribution networks accounting for the flexibility provided by electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and other controllable resources such as…
AI data center loads create query-driven power transients on millisecond timescales. Such loads can violate the timescale separation assumptions underlying internal inverter control of grid-following resources collocated with data centers…
The rapid growth of data centres poses an evolving challenge for power systems with high variable renewable energy. Traditionally operated as passive electrical loads, data centres, have the potential to become active participants that…
Power grids are one of the most important components of infrastructure in today's world. Every nation is dependent on the security and stability of its own power grid to provide electricity to the households and industries. A malfunction of…
This paper investigates the dynamic interactions between large-scale data centers and the power grid, focusing on reliability challenges arising from sudden fluctuations in demand. With the rapid growth of AI-driven workloads, such…
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven data centers is reshaping electricity demand patterns. This is achieved by introducing fast, multi-gigawatt load ramps that challenge the stability and resilience of modern power…
Model predictive control (MPC)-based energy management systems (EMS) are essential for ensuring optimal, secure, and stable operation in microgrids with high penetrations of distributed energy resources. However, due to the high…
Frequency response and voltage support are vital ancillary services for power grids. In this paper, we design and experimentally validate a real-time control framework for battery energy storage systems (BESSs) to provide ancillary services…
Grid-forming, particularly those utilizing droop control and virtual synchronous generators (VSG), can actively regulate the frequency and voltage of microgrid systems, exhibiting dynamic characteristics akin to those of synchronous…