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Enterprise LLM agents can dramatically improve workplace productivity, but their core capability, retrieving and using internal context to act on a user's behalf, also creates new risks for sensitive information leakage. We introduce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Wenjie Fu , Xiaoting Qin , Jue Zhang , Qingwei Lin , Lukas Wutschitz , Robert Sim , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang

Register-Transfer Level (RTL) verification is a primary bottleneck, consuming 60-70% of development time. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for RTL automation, their performance and research focus have overwhelmingly centered…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yujie Zhao , Zhijing Wu , Boqin Yuan , Zhongming Yu , Hejia Zhang , Wentao Ni , Chia-Tung Ho , Haoxing Ren , Jishen Zhao

When users submit queries to Large Language Models (LLMs), their prompts can often contain sensitive data, forcing a difficult choice: Send the query to a powerful proprietary LLM providers to achieving state-of-the-art performance and risk…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zheng Hui , Yijiang River Dong , Sanhanat Sivapiromrat , Ehsan Shareghi , Nigel Collier

Current evaluations of tool-integrated LLM agents typically focus on end-to-end tool-usage evaluation while neglecting their stability. This limits their real-world applicability, as various internal or external factors can cause agents to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Weimin Xiong , Ke Wang , Yifan Song , Hanchao Liu , Sai Zhou , Wei Peng , Sujian Li

Autonomous Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), advance rapidly toward interconnected systems -- an Internet of Agents (IoA). This vision enables complex problem-solving while introducing systemic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Juan A. Wibowo , George C. Polyzos

Multi-agent artificial intelligence systems or MAS are systems of autonomous agents that exercise delegated tool authority, share persistent memory, and coordinate via inter-agent communication. MAS introduces qualitatively distinct…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tam Nguyen , Moses Ndebugre , Dheeraj Arremsetty

As language models evolve into autonomous agents that act and communicate on behalf of users, ensuring safety in multi-agent ecosystems becomes a central challenge. Interactions between personal assistants and external service providers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Amr Gomaa , Ahmed Salem , Sahar Abdelnabi

In traditional mechanism design, agents only care about the utility they derive from the outcome of the mechanism. We look at a richer model where agents also assign non-negative dis-utility to the information about their private types…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Kobbi Nissim , Claudio Orlandi , Rann Smorodinsky

Agent tools are becoming a core interface through which LLM agents access external data, services, and execution environments. As these tools are distributed through public marketplaces, raw tool counts may substantially overstate ecosystem…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Taein Kim , David Jiang , Yuepeng Hu , Yuqi Jia , Neil Gong

Large language model agents that use external tools are often implemented through reactive execution, in which reasoning is repeatedly recomputed after each observation, increasing latency and sensitivity to error propagation. This work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Paulo Akira F. Enabe

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving into autonomous agents that cooperate across organizational boundaries, enabling joint disaster response, supply-chain optimization, and other tasks that demand decentralized expertise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Ronny Ko , Jiseong Jeong , Shuyuan Zheng , Chuan Xiao , Tae-Wan Kim , Makoto Onizuka , Won-Yong Shin

Tool-using LLM agents increasingly coordinate real workloads by selecting and chaining third-party tools based on text-visible metadata such as tool names, descriptions, and return messages. We show that this convenience creates a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yohan Lee , Jisoo Jang , Seoyeon Choi , Sangyeop Kim , Seungtaek Choi

Tool-integrated LLMs can retrieve, compute, and take real-world actions via external tools, but reliability remains a key bottleneck. We argue that failures stem from both tool-use accuracy (how well an agent invokes a tool) and intrinsic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hy Dang , Quang Dao , Meng Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) and AI agents are increasingly integrated into enterprise systems to access internal databases and generate context-aware responses. While such integration improves productivity and decision support, the model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Ya-Ting Yang , Quanyan Zhu

This paper presents a systematic evaluation of the privacy behaviors and attributes of eight recent, popular browser agents. Browser agents are software that automate Web browsing using large language models and ancillary tooling. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Alisha Ukani , Hamed Haddadi , Ali Shahin Shamsabadi , Peter Snyder

Tool-augmented LLM agents tend to call tools indiscriminately, even when the model can answer directly. Each unnecessary call wastes API fees and latency, yet no existing benchmark systematically studies when a tool call is actually needed.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Chung-En Sun , Linbo Liu , Ge Yan , Zimo Wang , Tsui-Wei Weng

Autonomous large language model (LLM) agents such as OpenClaw are pushing agentic commerce from human-supervised assistance toward machine actors that can negotiate, purchase services, manage digital assets, and execute transactions across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Qian'ang Mao , Jiaxin Wang , Ya Liu , Li Zhu , Cong Ma , Jiaqi Yan

AI Agents can perform complex operations at great speed, but just like all the humans we have ever hired, their intelligence remains fallible. Miscommunications aren't noticed, systemic biases have no counter-action, and inner monologues…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Gopal Vijayaraghavan , Prasanth Jayachandran , Arun Murthy , Sunil Govindan , Vivek Subramanian

We consider the problem of collaborative personalized mean estimation under a privacy constraint in an environment of several agents continuously receiving data according to arbitrary unknown agent-specific distributions. In particular, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Yauhen Yakimenka , Chung-Wei Weng , Hsuan-Yin Lin , Eirik Rosnes , Jörg Kliewer

This paper introduces a multi-round interaction problem with privacy constraints between two agents that observe correlated data. The agents alternately share data with one another for a total of K rounds such that each agent initiates…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-04 Bahman Moraffah , Lalitha Sankar
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