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We present an in-depth evaluation of LLMs' ability to negotiate, a central business task that requires strategic reasoning, theory of mind, and economic value creation. To do so, we introduce PieArena, a large-scale negotiation benchmark…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Chris Zhu , Sasha Cui , Will Sanok Dufallo , Runzhi Jin , Zhen Xu , Linjun Zhang , Daylian Cain

Spatial disorientation is a leading cause of fatal aircraft accidents. This paper explores the potential of AI agents to aid pilots in maintaining balance and preventing unrecoverable losses of control by offering cues and corrective…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Sheikh Mannan , Paige Hansen , Vivekanand Pandey Vimal , Hannah N. Davies , Paul DiZio , Nikhil Krishnaswamy

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to mimic human-like intelligence has led to a surge in LLM-based autonomous agents. Though recent LLMs seem capable of planning and reasoning given user instructions, their effectiveness in…

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agent systems are increasingly deployed for complex real-world tasks but remain vulnerable to natural language-based attacks that exploit over-privileged tool use. This paper aims to understand and mitigate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zimo Ji , Daoyuan Wu , Wenyuan Jiang , Pingchuan Ma , Zongjie Li , Yudong Gao , Shuai Wang , Yingjiu Li

The rise of AI agent frameworks has introduced agent skills, modular packages containing instructions and executable code that dynamically extend agent capabilities. While this architecture enables powerful customization, skills execute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Yi Liu , Weizhe Wang , Ruitao Feng , Yao Zhang , Guangquan Xu , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Leo Zhang

When AI agents operating with access to sensitive information encounter a conflict between completing an assigned task and following rules or ethical constraints, they can resort to unsanctioned behaviour. Existing inference time safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Francesca Gomez

This work introduces xOffense, an AI-driven, multi-agent penetration testing framework that shifts the process from labor-intensive, expert-driven manual efforts to fully automated, machine-executable workflows capable of scaling seamlessly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Phung Duc Luong , Le Tran Gia Bao , Nguyen Vu Khai Tam , Dong Huu Nguyen Khoa , Nguyen Huu Quyen , Van-Hau Pham , Phan The Duy

Automatic program generation has long been a fundamental challenge in computer science. Recent benchmarks have shown that large language models (LLMs) can effectively generate code at the function level, make code edits, and solve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Mark Vero , Niels Mündler , Victor Chibotaru , Veselin Raychev , Maximilian Baader , Nikola Jovanović , Jingxuan He , Martin Vechev

We introduce SWE-Bench Pro, a substantially more challenging benchmark that builds upon the best practices of SWE-BENCH [25], but is explicitly designed to capture realistic, complex, enterprise-level problems beyond the scope of SWE-BENCH.…

Rapidly evolving AI exhibits increasingly strong autonomy and goal-directed capabilities, accompanied by derivative systemic risks that are more unpredictable, difficult to control, and potentially irreversible. However, current AI safety…

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MASs) are transforming personal productivity by autonomously executing complex, cross-platform tasks. Frameworks such as OpenClaw demonstrate the potential of locally deployed agents integrated with personal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Haoyu Wang , Zibo Xiao , Yedi Zhang , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun

Embodied Artificial Intelligence (Embodied AI) integrates perception, cognition, planning, and interaction into agents that operate in open-world, safety-critical environments. As these systems gain autonomy and enter domains such as…

We introduce AIRTBench, an AI red teaming benchmark for evaluating language models' ability to autonomously discover and exploit Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) security vulnerabilities. The benchmark consists of 70…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ads Dawson , Rob Mulla , Nick Landers , Shane Caldwell

Developers try to evaluate whether an AI system can be misused by adversaries before releasing it; for example, they might test whether a model enables cyberoffense, user manipulation, or bioterrorism. In this work, we show that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Erik Jones , Anca Dragan , Jacob Steinhardt

There is a growing focus on how to design safe artificial intelligent (AI) agents. As systems become more complex, poorly specified goals or control mechanisms may cause AI agents to engage in unwanted and harmful outcomes. Thus it is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-09 Mark Muraven

Recent advances in AI-assisted programming have empowered agents to execute complex workflows via command-line interfaces, however, existing benchmarks are limited by short task horizons, data contamination from GitHub scraping, and a lack…

AI agents that interact with their environments through tools enable powerful applications, but in high-stakes business settings, unintended actions can cause unacceptable harm, such as privacy breaches and financial loss. Existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yining Hong , Yining She , Eunsuk Kang , Christopher S. Timperley , Christian Kästner

AI agents are rapidly gaining capabilities that could significantly reshape cybersecurity, making rigorous evaluation urgent. A critical capability is exploitation: turning a vulnerability, which is not yet an attack, into a concrete…

In this work, we present SafePlanner, a systematic testing framework for identifying safety-critical flaws in the Plan model of Automated Driving Systems (ADS). SafePlanner targets two core challenges: generating structurally meaningful…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Dohyun Kim , Sanggu Han , Sangmin Woo , Joonha Jang , Jaehoon Kim , Changhun Song , Yongdae Kim

Future sixth-generation (6G) networks are expected to support low-altitude wireless networks (LAWNs), where unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and aerial robots operate in highly dynamic three-dimensional environments under stringent latency,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Lingxiao Sun , Zhaoyang Zhang , Zihan Lin , Zirui Chen , Weijie Zhou , Zhaohui Yang , Tony Q. S. Quek