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We report a new technique of scanning capacitance microscopy at microwave frequencies. A near field scanning microwave microscope probe is kept at a constant height of about 1nm above the samplewith the help of Scanning Tunneling Microscope…
We describe a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) that operates at magnetic fields up to 22 Tesla and temperatures down to 80 mK. We discuss the design of the STM head, with an improved coarse approach, the vibration isolation system, and…
A radio-frequency (rf) matching circuit with an in situ tunable varactor diode used for rf reflectometry measurements in semiconductor nanostructures is investigated and used to optimize the sample-specific chip design. The samples are…
A Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) is one of the most important scanning probe tools available to study and manipulate matter at the nanoscale. In a STM, a tip is scanned on top of a surface with a separation of a few \AA. Often, the…
We describe the design, construction, and performance of an ultra-low temperature, high-field scanning tunneling microscope (STM) with two independent tips. The STM is mounted on a dilution refrigerator and operates at a base temperature of…
We report a simple method for the fabrication of Niobium superconducting (SC) tips for scanning tunnelling microscopy which allow atomic resolution. The tips, formed in-situ by the mechanical breaking of a niobium wire, reveal a clear SC…
We report the construction and performance of a low temperature, high field scanning tunneling microscope (STM) operating down to 350mK and in magnetic fields up to 9T, with thin film deposition and in-situ cleaving capabilities. The main…
We outline calibrated measurements of the microwave reflection coefficient from the tunnel junction of an ultra-high vacuum low temperature scanning tunneling microscope. The microwave circuit design is described in detail, including an…
We demonstrate the measurement of p-channel silicon-on-insulator quantum dots at liquid helium temperatures by using a radio frequency (rf) reflectometry circuit comprising of two independently tunable GaAs varactors. This arrangement…
We report on high quality local tunnel spectroscopy measurements in superconductors using in-situ fabricated superconducting tips as counterelectrode. The experiments were made at very low temperatures using a dilution refrigerator and a…
We present a design for a tunneling-current-assisted scanning near-field microwave microscope. For stable operation at cryogenic temperatures, making a small and rigid microwave probe is important. Our coaxial resonator probe has a length…
Microwave impedance microscopy (MIM) is a near-field imaging technique that has been used to visualize the local conductivity of materials with nanoscale resolution across the GHz regime. In recent years, MIM has shown great promise for the…
Multi-tip scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a powerful method to perform charge transport measurements at the nanoscale. With four STM tips positioned on the surface of a sample, four-point resistance measurements can be performed in…
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a powerful tool for studying the structural and electronic properties of materials at the atomic scale. The combination of low temperature and high magnetic field for STM and related spectroscopy…
Recent advances in increasing the spectroscopic energy resolution in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been achieved by integrating electron spin resonance (ESR) with STM. Here, we demonstrate the design and performance of a…
The light emission rate from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) scanning a noble metal surface is calculated taking retardation effects into account. As in our previous, non-retarded theory [Johansson, Monreal, and Apell, Phys. Rev. B…
We present the design and operation of a very-low temperature Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) working at $60 mK$ in a dilution refrigerator. The STM features both atomic resolution and micron-sized scanning range at low temperature.…
Microwave spectroscopy is a powerful experimental tool to reveal information on the intrinsic properties of superconductors. Superconducting stripline resonators, where the material under study constitutes one of the ground planes, offer a…
The Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) is a powerful instrument to study electronic density of states at surfaces down to atomic scale. Many interesting samples require studying variations as a function of the magnetic field, which is most…
Electron spin resonance with a scanning tunneling microscope (ESR-STM) combines the high energy resolution of spin resonance spectroscopy with the atomic scale control and spatial resolution of STM. Here we describe the upgrade of a…