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Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems have shown promise for solving complex tasks through agent collaboration. However, existing frameworks assign tasks based on predefined roles without considering whether an agent can accurately…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chenyu Wang , Yang Shu

The rapid spread of misinformation in the digital era poses significant challenges to public discourse, necessitating robust and scalable fact-checking solutions. Traditional human-led fact-checking methods, while credible, struggle with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Tam Trinh , Manh Nguyen , Truong-Son Hy

Much of the success of multi-agent debates depends on carefully choosing the right parameters. The decision-making protocol stands out as it can highly impact final model answers, depending on how decisions are reached. Systematic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Lars Benedikt Kaesberg , Jonas Becker , Jan Philip Wahle , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp

As generative AI enters enterprise workflows, ensuring compliance with legal, ethical, and reputational standards becomes a pressing challenge. In beauty tech, where biometric and personal data are central, traditional reviews are often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Junwei Li , Wenqing Wang , Huiliu Mao , Jiazhe Ni , Zeyu Xiong

Tabular anomaly detection is often handled by single detectors or static ensembles, even though strong performance on tabular data typically comes from heterogeneous model families (e.g., tree ensembles, deep tabular networks, and tabular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Pinqiao Wang , Sheng Li

Consensus planning is a method for coordinating decision making across complex systems and organizations, including complex supply chain optimization pipelines. It arises when large interdependent distributed agents (systems) share common…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Alvaro Maggiar , Lee Dicker , Michael Mahoney

Clinical diagnosis is a complex reasoning process in which clinicians gather evidence, form hypotheses, and test them against alternative explanations. In medical training, this reasoning is explicitly developed through counterfactual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zhiwen You , Xi Chen , Aniket Vashishtha , Simo Du , Gabriel Erion-Barner , Hongyuan Mei , Hao Peng , Yue Guo

Clinical decision-making requires nuanced reasoning over heterogeneous evidence and traceable justifications. While recent LLM multi-agent systems (MAS) show promise, they largely optimise for outcome accuracy while overlooking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Chaeeun Lee , T. Michael Yates , Pasquale Minervini , T. Ian Simpson

Matching patients effectively and efficiently for clinical trials is a significant challenge due to the complexity and variability of patient profiles and trial criteria. This paper introduces \textbf{Multi-Agent for Knowledge Augmentation…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hanwen Shi , Jin Zhang , Kunpeng Zhang

As an agent-level reasoning and coordination paradigm, Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) orchestrates multiple agents through structured debate to improve answer quality and support complex reasoning. However, existing research on MAD suffers from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Ao Li , Jinghui Zhang , Luyu Li , Yuxiang Duan , Lang Gao , Mingcai Chen , Weijun Qin , Shaopeng Li , Fengxian Ji , Ning Liu , Lizhen Cui , Xiuying Chen , Yuntao Du

The consensus strategies used in collaborative multi-agent systems (MAS) face notable challenges related to adaptability, scalability, and convergence certainties. These approaches, including structured workflows, debate models, and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Rathin Chandra Shit , Sharmila Subudhi

Artificial intelligence in medicine is built to serve the average patient. By minimizing error across large datasets, most systems deliver strong aggregate accuracy yet falter at the margins: patients with rare variants, multimorbidity, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Pedram Fard , Alaleh Azhir , Neguine Rezaii , Jiazi Tian , Hossein Estiri

Multi-agent large language model (LLM) systems have emerged as a promising approach for clinical diagnosis, leveraging collaboration among agents to refine medical reasoning. However, most existing frameworks rely on single-vendor teams…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Grace Chang Yuan , Xiaoman Zhang , Sung Eun Kim , Pranav Rajpurkar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for clinical decision support, where hallucinations and unsafe suggestions may pose direct risks to patient safety. These risks are hard to assess: subtle clinical errors are often missed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yinzhu Chen , Abdine Maiga , Hossein A. Rahmani , Emine Yilmaz

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong potential in clinical question answering, with recent multi-agent frameworks further improving diagnostic accuracy via collaborative reasoning. However, we identify a recurring issue of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yihan Wang , Qiao Yan , Zhenghao Xing , Lihao Liu , Junjun He , Chi-Wing Fu , Xiaowei Hu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Specialized visual tools can augment large language models or vision language models with expert knowledge (e.g., grounding, spatial reasoning, medical knowledge, etc.), but knowing which tools to call (and when to call them) can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Nithin Sivakumaran , Justin Chih-Yao Chen , David Wan , Yue Zhang , Jaehong Yoon , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Large language models applied to clinical prediction exhibit case-level heterogeneity: simple cases yield consistent outputs, while complex cases produce divergent predictions under minor prompt changes. Existing single-agent strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yuxing Lu , Yushuhong Lin , Jason Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in natural language understanding, yet their reasoning capabilities remain limited when operating as single agents. Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has been proposed to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Xiao Wang , Jia Wang , Yijie Wang , Pengtao Dang , Sha Cao , Chi Zhang

Clinical decision-making depends on expert reasoning, which is guided by standardized, evidence-based guidelines. However, translating these guidelines into automated clinical decision support systems risks inaccuracy and importantly, loss…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in healthcare, yet ensuring their ethical integrity and safety compliance remains a major barrier to clinical deployment. This work introduces a multi-agent refinement framework designed…