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We present quantum protocols for executing arbitrarily accurate $\pi/2^k$ rotations of a qubit about its $Z$ axis. Reduced instruction set computing (\textsc{risc}) architectures typically restrict the instruction set to stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-16 Andrew J. Landahl , Chris Cesare

Magic state distillation is a leading but costly approach to fault-tolerant quantum computation, and it is important to explore all possible ways of minimizing its overhead cost. The number of ancillae required to produce a magic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Tanay Saha , Shiroman Prakash

A quantitative assessment of the progress of small prototype quantum processors towards fault-tolerant quantum computation is a problem of current interest in experimental and theoretical quantum information science. We introduce a…

Performing entangling gates between physical qubits is necessary for building a large-scale universal quantum computer, but in some physical implementations - for example, those that are based on linear optics or networks of ion traps -…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-20 James M. Auger , Hussain Anwar , Mercedes Gimeno-Segovia , Thomas M. Stace , Dan E. Browne

Magic state distillation is an important primitive in fault-tolerant quantum computation. The magic states are pure non-stabilizer states which can be distilled from certain mixed non-stabilizer states via Clifford group operations alone.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Earl T. Campbell , Dan E. Browne

Error mitigation has enabled quantum computing applications with over one hundred qubits and deep circuits. The most general error mitigation methods rely on a faithful characterization of the noise channels of the hardware. However,…

Quantum computing becomes viable when a quantum state can be preserved from environmentally-induced error. If quantum bits (qubits) are sufficiently reliable, errors are sparse and quantum error correction (QEC) is capable of identifying…

Fault-tolerant operations based on stabilizer codes are the state of the art in suppressing error rates in quantum computations. Most such codes do not permit a straightforward implementation of non-Clifford logical operations, which are…

Fault-tolerant modular quantum computing requires stabilizer measurements across the modules in a quantum network. For this, entangled states of high quality and rate must be distributed. Currently, two main types of entanglement…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Quantum error correction is an essential tool for reliably performing tasks for processing quantum information on a large scale. However, integration into quantum circuits to achieve these tasks is problematic when one realizes that…

Low-depth random circuit codes possess many desirable properties for quantum error correction but have so far only been analyzed in the code capacity setting where it is assumed that encoding gates and syndrome measurements are noiseless.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-01 Jon Nelson , Gregory Bentsen , Steven T. Flammia , Michael J. Gullans

High-fidelity quantum gates are a cornerstone of any quantum computing and communications architecture. Realizing such control in the presence of realistic errors at the level required for beyond-threshold quantum error correction is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-08 E. Poem , M. I. Cohen , S. Blum , D. Minin , D. Korn , O. Heifler , S. Maayani , A. Hamo , I. Bayn , N. Bar-Gill , M. Tordjman

We describe a qubit encoded in continuous quantum variables of an rf superconducting quantum interference device. Since the number of accessible states in the system is infinite, we may protect its two-dimensional subspace from small errors…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-08-02 Mateusz Cholascinski , Yuriy Makhlin , Gerd Schön

Contemporary quantum computers encode and process quantum information in binary qubits (d = 2). However, many architectures include higher energy levels that are left as unused computational resources. We demonstrate a superconducting…

We propose a theoretical protocol to implement multiqubit geometric gates (i.e., the M{\o}lmer-S{\o}rensen gate) using photonic cat-state qubits. These cat-state qubits stored in high-$Q$ resonators are promising for hardware-efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-05 Ye-Hong Chen , Roberto Stassi , Wei Qin , Adam Miranowicz , Franco Nori

Solid-state spin qubits are a promising platform for quantum computation and quantum networks. Recent experiments have demonstrated high-quality control over multi-qubit systems, elementary quantum algorithms and non-fault-tolerant error…

High-fidelity logical magic states are a critical resource for fault-tolerant quantum computation, enabling non-Clifford logical operations through state injection. However, benchmarking these states presents significant challenges: one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Su-un Lee , Ming Yuan , Senrui Chen , Kento Tsubouchi , Liang Jiang

Quantum computers are expected to bring drastic acceleration to several computing tasks against classical computers. Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, which have tens to hundreds of noisy physical qubits, are gradually…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Yutaro Akahoshi , Kazunori Maruyama , Hirotaka Oshima , Shintaro Sato , Keisuke Fujii

Recent progress in quantum information has led to the start of several large national and industrial efforts to build a quantum computer. Researchers are now working to overcome many scientific and technological challenges. The program's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-07 John M. Martinis
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