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Graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) have been widely used in graph learning. It has been observed that the smoothness functional on graphs can be defined in terms of the graph Laplacian. This fact points out in the direction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Asif Salim , Sumitra S

This paper introduces a design method for densergraph-frequency graph Fourier frames (DGFFs) to enhance graph signal processing and analysis. The graph Fourier transform (GFT) enables us to analyze graph signals in the graph spectral domain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Kaito Nitani , Seisuke Kyochi

We introduce a principled generative framework for graph signals that enables explicit control of feature heterophily, a key property underlying the effectiveness of graph learning methods. Our model combines a Lipschitz graphon-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-30 Haoyu Wang , Renyuan Ma , Gonzalo Mateos , Luana Ruiz

The Helmholtzian matrix of a graph $G=(V(G),E(G))$ is a graph-theoretic analogue of the vector Laplacian (or Helmholtz operator) [S. Li, L. Lu, J.F. Wang, A graph discretization of vector Laplacian, 379 (2026) 446--460]. Motivated by the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Lu Lu , Yongtang Shi , Zoran Stanić , Jianfeng Wang , Yi Wang

This paper introduces a novel Laplacian matrix aiming to enable the construction of spectral convolutional networks and to extend the signal processing applications for directed graphs. Our proposal is inspired by a Haar-like transformation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Theodor-Adrian Badea , Bogdan Dumitrescu

This paper provides a framework to evaluate the performance of single and double integrator networks over arbitrary directed graphs. Adopting vehicular network terminology, we consider quadratic performance metrics defined by the L2-norm of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 H. Giray Oral , Enrique Mallada , Dennice F. Gayme

This work establishes rigorous, novel and widely applicable stability guarantees and transferability bounds for graph convolutional networks -- without reference to any underlying limit object or statistical distribution. Crucially,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Christian Koke

In a paper by Nishikawa and Motter, a quantity called the normalized spread of the Laplacian eigenvalues is used to measure the synchronizability of certain network dynamics. Through simulations, and without theoretical validation, it is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Susie Lu , John Urschel , Ji Liu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) conventionally rely on standard Laplacian or adjacency matrices for structural message passing. In this work, we substitute the traditional Laplacian with a Doubly Stochastic graph Matrix (DSM), derived from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zhaobo Hu , Vincent Gauthier , Mehdi Naima

In our recent work, we proposed the design of perfect reconstruction orthogonal wavelet filterbanks, called graph- QMF, for arbitrary undirected weighted graphs. In that formulation we first designed "one-dimensional" two-channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-11 Sunil K. Narang , Antonio Ortega

In this work we introduce a concept of complexity for undirected graphs in terms of the spectral analysis of the Laplacian operator defined by the incidence matrix of the graph. Precisely, we compute the norm of the vector of eigenvalues of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Diego M. Mateos , Federico Morana , Hugo Aimar

Spectral Graph Convolutional Networks (spectral GCNNs), a powerful tool for analyzing and processing graph data, typically apply frequency filtering via Fourier transform to obtain representations with selective information. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Lequan Lin , Junbin Gao

We develop a theory of ultrametric graphons as limiting objects for random networks with nested hierarchical community structure. A graphon $W:[0,1]^2\to[0,1]$ is called ultrametric if $W(x,y)=w(d(x,y))$, where $d$ is an ultrametric on…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Ángel Alfredo Morán Ledezma

We present a systematic collection of spectral surgery principles for the Laplacian on a metric graph with any of the usual vertex conditions (natural, Dirichlet or $\delta$-type), which show how various types of changes of a local or…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Gregory Berkolaiko , James B. Kennedy , Pavel Kurasov , Delio Mugnolo

Graph neural networks (GNNs) achieve strong performance on graph learning tasks, but training on large-scale networks remains computationally challenging. Transferability results show that GNNs with fixed weights can generalize from smaller…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Haoyu Wang , Renyuan Ma , Gonzalo Mateos , Luana Ruiz

Recent spectral graph sparsification research allows constructing nearly-linear-sized subgraphs that can well preserve the spectral (structural) properties of the original graph, such as the first few eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Ying Zhang , Zhiqiang Zhao , Zhuo Feng

Graph spectral representations are fundamental in graph signal processing, offering a rigorous framework for analyzing and processing graph-structured data. The graph fractional Fourier transform (GFRFT) extends the classical graph Fourier…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-21 Feiyue Zhao , Yangfan He , Zhichao Zhang

Typically, graph structures are represented by one of three different matrices: the adjacency matrix, the unnormalised and the normalised graph Laplacian matrices. The spectral (eigenvalue) properties of these different matrices are…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-27 J. F. Lutzeyer , A. T. Walden

In recent years, improvements in various image acquisition techniques gave rise to the need for adaptive processing methods, aimed particularly for large datasets corrupted by noise and deformations. In this work, we consider datasets of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-09 Boris Landa , Yoel Shkolnisky

We present a framework based on spectral graph theory that captures the interplay among network topology, system inertia, and generator and load damping in determining the overall grid behavior and performance. Specifically, we show that…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Linqi Guo , Changhong Zhao , Steven H. Low