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Related papers: Mining Legal Arguments to Study Judicial Formalism

200 papers

Legal reasoning tasks present unique challenges for large language models (LLMs) due to the complexity of domain-specific knowledge and reasoning processes. This paper investigates how effectively smaller language models (Llama 2 7B and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Rean Fernandes , André Biedenkapp , Frank Hutter , Noor Awad

Training large language models (LLMs) with synthetic reasoning data has become a popular approach to enhancing their reasoning capabilities, while a key factor influencing the effectiveness of this paradigm is the quality of the generated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhuojie Yang , Wentao Wan , Keze Wang

Natural Language Processing and Generation systems have recently shown the potential to complement and streamline the costly and time-consuming job of professional fact-checkers. In this work, we lift several constraints of current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Daniel Russo , Stefano Menini , Jacopo Staiano , Marco Guerini

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, leading to their adoption in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, law, and scientific research. However, their reasoning often contains subtle logical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Xinyi Zheng , Ningke Li , Xiaokun Luan , Kailong Wang , Ling Shi , Meng Sun , Haoyu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning abilities across specialized domains, motivating research into their application to legal reasoning. However, existing legal benchmarks often conflate factual recall with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Wenhan Yu , Xinbo Lin , Lanxin Ni , Jinhua Cheng , Lei Sha

Traditionally, a debate usually requires a manual preparation process, including reading plenty of articles, selecting the claims, identifying the stances of the claims, seeking the evidence for the claims, etc. As the AI debate attracts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Liying Cheng , Lidong Bing , Ruidan He , Qian Yu , Yan Zhang , Luo Si

The goal of argumentation mining, an evolving research field in computational linguistics, is to design methods capable of analyzing people's argumentation. In this article, we go beyond the state of the art in several ways. (i) We deal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Ivan Habernal , Iryna Gurevych

Language models are increasingly being used in important decision pipelines, so ensuring the correctness of their outputs is crucial. Recent work has proposed evaluating the "factuality" of claims decomposed from a language model generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Maxon Rubin-Toles , Maya Gambhir , Keshav Ramji , Aaron Roth , Surbhi Goel

Evaluating the quality of LLM-generated reasoning traces in expert domains (e.g., law) is essential for ensuring credibility and explainability, yet remains challenging due to the inherent complexity of such reasoning tasks. We introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Jinu Lee , Kyoung-Woon On , Simeng Han , Arman Cohan , Julia Hockenmaier

Automated large-scale analysis of public discussions around contested issues like abortion requires detecting and understanding the use of arguments. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in language processing tasks, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Matteo Guida , Yulia Otmakhova , Eduard Hovy , Lea Frermann

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

In AI and law, systems that are designed for decision support should be explainable when pursuing justice. In order for these systems to be fair and responsible, they should make correct decisions and make them using a sound and transparent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Cor Steging , Silja Renooij , Bart Verheij

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) is a pivotal task in legal AI. Existing semantic-enhanced LJP models integrate judicial precedents and legal knowledge for high performance. But they neglect legal reasoning logic, a critical component of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yue Zhang , Zhiliang Tian , Shicheng Zhou , Haiyang Wang , Wenqing Hou , Yuying Liu , Xuechen Zhao , Minlie Huang , Ye Wang , Bin Zhou

Leveraging outputs from multiple large language models (LLMs) is emerging as a method for harnessing their power across a wide range of tasks while mitigating their capacity for making errors, e.g., hallucinations. However, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Ming Pok Ng , Junqi Jiang , Gabriel Freedman , Antonio Rago , Francesca Toni

Argument mining has garnered increasing attention over the years, with the recent advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) further propelling this trend. However, current argument relations remain relatively simplistic and foundational,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yupei Ren , Xinyi Zhou , Ning Zhang , Shangqing Zhao , Man Lan , Xiaopeng Bai

In order to automate verification process, regulatory rules written in natural language need to be translated into a format that machines can understand. However, none of the existing formalisms can fully represent the elements that appear…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Ho-Pun Lam , Mustafa Hashmi

Artificial Intelligence techniques such as Machine Learning (ML) have not been exploited to their maximum potential in the legal domain. This has been partially due to the insufficient explanations they provided about their decisions.…

Scholarly Argumentation Mining (SAM) has recently gained attention due to its potential to help scholars with the rapid growth of published scientific literature. It comprises two subtasks: argumentative discourse unit recognition (ADUR)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Arne Binder , Bhuvanesh Verma , Leonhard Hennig

Recent advances in Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled unified processing of language, vision, and structured inputs, opening the door to complex tasks such as logical deduction, spatial reasoning, and scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Guiyao Tie , Xueyang Zhou , Tianhe Gu , Ruihang Zhang , Chaoran Hu , Sizhe Zhang , Mengqu Sun , Yan Zhang , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

Partial differential equations (PDEs) encode fundamental physical laws, yet closed-form analytical solutions for many important equations remain unknown and typically require substantial human insight to derive. Existing numerical,…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Min-Yi Zheng , Shengqi Zhang , Liancheng Wu , Jinghui Zhong , Shiyi Chen , Yew-Soon Ong