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Related papers: A "New Hope" for Moon Formation: Presenting a Mult…

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The search for exomoons in time-domain photometric data has to-date generally consisted of fitting transit models that are comprised of a planet hosting a single moon. This simple model has its advantages, but it may not be particularly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-28 Alex Teachey , Garvit Agarwal

Recent lunar crater studies have revealed an asymmetric distribution of rayed craters on the lunar surface. The asymmetry is related to the synchronous rotation of the Moon: there is a higher density of rayed craters on the leading…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-09-16 Takashi Ito , Renu Malhotra

Of the few thousand discovered exoplanets, a significant number orbit in the habitable zone of their star. Many of them are gas giants lacking a rocky surface and solid water reservoirs necessary for life as we know it. The search for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-09 Zoltan Dencs , Vera Dobos , Zsolt Regaly

If properly interpreted, the impact record of the Moon, Earth's nearest neighbour, can be used to gain insights into how the Earth has been influenced by impacting events since its formation ~4.5 billion years (Ga) ago. However, the nature…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-25 Nicolle E. B. Zellner

Despite its importance to questions of lunar origin, the chemical composition of the Moon is not precisely known. In recent years, however, the isotopic composition of lunar samples has been determined to high precision and found to be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-27 Kaveh Pahlevan , David Stevenson , John Eiler

The goal of this chapter is to review hypotheses for the origin of the Pluto system in light of observational constraints that have been considerably refined over the 85-year interval between the discovery of Pluto and its exploration by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-20 Robin M. Canup , Kaitlin M. Kratter , Marc Neveu

Recently Kipping (2021) identified the so-called "exomoon corridor", a potentially powerful new tool for identifying possible exomoon hosts, enabled by the observation that fully half of all planets hosting an exomoon will exhibit transit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Alex Teachey

Here we critically examine the geophysical and geochemical properties of the Moon in order to identify the extent to which dynamical scenarios satisfy these observations. New joint inversions of existing lunar geophysical data (mean mass,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-22 Paolo A. Sossi , Miki Nakajima , Amir Khan

Earth is unusual in bearing life, and in having a large moon. A number of authors have suggested a possible connection between the two, e.g. through lunar stabilisation of the earth's obliquity, or through the effects of the oceanic tides.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-11 C. R. Benn

Multiple impact basins formed on the Moon about 3.8 Gyr ago in what is known as the lunar cataclysm or late heavy bombardment. Many workers currently interpret the lunar cataclysm as an impact spike primarily caused by main-belt asteroids…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-02 Matija Cuk , Brett J. Gladman , Sarah T. Stewart

The earliest stage of the evolution of a fully assembled planet is profoundly affected by a number of basin-forming impacts large enough to change the dynamics of its deeper interior. These impacts are in some cases quite closely spaced and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-29 Thomas Ruedas , Doris Breuer

The origin of Mercury still remains poorly understood compared to the other rocky planets of the Solar System. One of the most relevant constraints that any formation model has to fulfill refers to its internal structure, with a predominant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-05 Patrick Franco , Fernando Roig , Othon C. Winter , Rafael Sfair , Christoph Burger , Christoph M. Schäfer

Impact craters exist on various solid objects in the planetary system. A simplified analogy of the process of their formation is here analyzed by standard solid state physics and the so called dynamic quantized fracture mechanics. An…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-11 V. Celebonovic

We revisit the early evolution of the Moon's bombardment. Our work combines modeling (based on plausible projectile sources and their dynamical decay rates) with constraints from the lunar crater record, radiometric ages of the youngest…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Alessandro Morbidelli , Simone Marchi , William F. Bottke , David A. Kring

The Hf-W isotopic system is the reference chronometer for determining the chronology of Earth's accretion and differentiation. However, its results depend strongly on uncertain parameters, including the extent of metal-silicate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-27 D. C. Rubie , K. I. Dale , G. Nathan , M. Nakajima , E. S. Jennings , G. J. Golabek , S. A. Jacobson , A. Morbidelli

Knowing the isotopic composition of Theia, the proto-planet which collided with the Earth in the Giant Impact that formed the Moon, could provide interesting insights on the state of homogenization of the inner solar system at the late…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-16 Matthias M. M. Meier , Andreas Reufer , Rainer Wieler

Recent detections of potentially habitable exoplanets around sunlike stars demand increased exploration of the physical conditions that can sustain life, by whatever methods available. Insight into these conditions can be gained by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-27 McCullen Sandora , Vladimir Airapetian , Luke Barnes , Geraint F. Lewis

A giant impact is commonly thought to explain the dramatic contrast in elevation and crustal thickness between the two hemispheres of Mars known as the "Martian Dichotomy". Initially, this scenario referred to an impact in the northern…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-08 Harry A. Ballantyne , Martin Jutzi , Gregor J. Golabek , Lokesh Mishra , Kar Wai Cheng , Antoine B. Rozel , Paul Tackley

A high-angular momentum giant impact with the Earth can produce a Moon with a silicate isotopic composition nearly identical to that of Earth's mantle, consistent with observations of terrestrial and lunar rocks. However, such an event…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-05 William R. Ward , Robin M. Canup , Raluca Rufu

Mercury's core mass fraction (CMF) is ~0.7, more than double that of the other rocky planets in the solar system, which have CMFs of ~0.3. The origin of Mercury's large, iron-rich core remains unknown. Adding to this mystery, an elusive…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-17 Haniyeh Tajer , Ji Wang , Anna C. Childs , Noah Ferich , Tiger Lu , Hanno Rein