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We present a controlled benchmark evaluating three LLMs -- Claude Sonnet 4.5, Gemini 2.5 Pro, and GPT-3.5 Turbo -- across four prompt formats (from concise narrative to structured JSON with explicit iteration trace) on Gauss--Seidel AC…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Tingwei Chen , Kaiyang Huang , Kai Sun

Test smells indicate poor development practices in test code, reducing maintainability and reliability. While developers often struggle to prevent or refactor these issues, existing tools focus primarily on detection rather than automated…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate immense potential for automating integrated circuit (IC) development, their practical deployment is fundamentally limited by restricted context windows. Existing context-extension methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Changwen Xing , SamZaak Wong , Xinlai Wan , Yanfeng Lu , Mengli Zhang , Zebin Ma , Lei Qi , Zhengxiong Li , Nan Guan , Zhe Jiang , Xi Wang , Jun Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) offer transformative potential for high-stakes domains like finance and law, but their tendency to hallucinate, generating factually incorrect or unsupported content, poses a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Ahmad Pesaranghader , Erin Li

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance on standard digital logic and Boolean reasoning tasks, yet their reliability under locally redefined semantics remains poorly understood. In many formal settings, such as circuit…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yogeswar Reddy Thota , Setareh Rafatirad , Homayoun Houman , Tooraj Nikoubin

Recent advances in reasoning-focused large language models (LLMs) mark a shift from general LLMs toward models designed for complex decision-making, a crucial aspect in medicine. However, their performance in specialized domains like…

Transcendental equations requiring iterative numerical solution pervade engineering practice, from fluid mechanics friction factor calculations to orbital position determination. We systematically evaluate whether Large Language Models can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Sai Varun Kodathala , Rakesh Vunnam

The evaluation and improvement of medical large language models (LLMs) are critical for their real-world deployment, particularly in ensuring accuracy, safety, and ethical alignment. Existing frameworks inadequately dissect domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Luyi Jiang , Jiayuan Chen , Lu Lu , Xinwei Peng , Lihao Liu , Junjun He , Jie Xu

Large Language Models have rapidly advanced in their ability to interpret and generate natural language. In enterprise settings, they are frequently augmented with closed-source domain knowledge to deliver more contextually informed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Tanmay Agrawal

Large language models (LLMs) offer transformative potential for clinical decision support in spine surgery but pose significant risks through hallucinations, which are factually inconsistent or contextually misaligned outputs that may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Dong Chen , Yanzhe Wei , Zonglin He , Guan-Ming Kuang , Canhua Ye , Meiru An , Huili Peng , Yong Hu , Huiren Tao , Kenneth MC Cheung

Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate confident yet inaccurate responses, introducing significant risks for deployment in safety-critical domains. We present a novel, test-time approach to detecting model hallucination through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hazel Kim , Tom A. Lamb , Adel Bibi , Philip Torr , Yarin Gal

We present GLM-4.1V-Thinking, GLM-4.5V, and GLM-4.6V, a family of vision-language models (VLMs) designed to advance general-purpose multimodal understanding and reasoning. In this report, we share our key findings in the development of the…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on complex reasoning tasks using techniques such as chain-of-thought and self-consistency. However, ensemble-based approaches, especially self-consistency which relies on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Qinglin Zeng , Jing Yang , Keze Wang

To complete an open-ended programming exercise, students need to both plan a high-level solution and implement it using the appropriate syntax. However, these problems are often autograded on the correctness of the final submission through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Mehmet Arif Demirtaş , Claire Zheng , Max Fowler , Kathryn Cunningham

Analogies help learners understand unfamiliar concepts by relating them to known concepts. Despite recent advances, large language models (LLMs) continue to struggle to generate analogies of comparable quality to those produced by humans.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mariam Barakat , Ekaterina Kochmar

We study the error rate of LLMs on tasks like arithmetic that require a deterministic output, and repetitive processing of tokens drawn from a small set of alternatives. We argue that incorrect predictions arise when small errors in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Suvrat Raju , Praneeth Netrapalli

End-to-end autonomous driving has advanced significantly, offering benefits such as system simplicity and stronger driving performance in both open-loop and closed-loop settings than conventional pipelines. However, existing frameworks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Wei Liu , Jiyuan Zhang , Binxiong Zheng , Yufeng Hu , Yingzhan Lin , Zengfeng Zeng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code-related tasks, particularly in automated program repair. However, the effectiveness of such repairs is highly dependent on the performance of upstream fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 YingJian Xiao , RongQun Hu , WeiWei Gong , HongWei Li , AnQuan Jie

Vision language models (VLMs) show strong results on chart understanding, yet existing benchmarks assume clean figures and fact based queries. Real world charts often contain distortions and demand reasoning beyond simple matching. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Philip Wootaek Shin , Jack Sampson , Vijaykrishnan Narayanan , Andres Marquez , Mahantesh Halappanavar

We introduce CFE-Bench (Classroom Final Exam), a multimodal benchmark for evaluating the reasoning capabilities of large language models across more than 20 STEM domains. CFE-Bench is curated from repeatedly used, authentic university…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Chongyang Gao , Diji Yang , Shuyan Zhou , Xichen Yan , Luchuan Song , Shuo Li , Kezhen Chen
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