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Every AI system is deployed by a human organization. In high risk applications, the combined human plus AI system must function as a high-reliability organization in order to avoid catastrophic errors. This short note reviews the properties…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Thomas G. Dietterich

The capabilities of artificial intelligence systems have been advancing to a great extent, but these systems still struggle with failure modes, vulnerabilities, and biases. In this paper, we study the current state of the field, and present…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Xingli Fang , Jianwei Li , Varun Mulchandani , Jung-Eun Kim

The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) establishes different legal principles for different types of AI systems. While prior work has sought to clarify some of these principles, little attention has been paid to robustness and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Henrik Nolte , Miriam Rateike , Michèle Finck

The AI alignment problem, which focusses on ensuring that artificial intelligence (AI), including AGI and ASI, systems act according to human values, presents profound challenges. With the progression from narrow AI to Artificial General…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Alberto Hernández-Espinosa , Felipe S. Abrahão , Olaf Witkowski , Hector Zenil

This memorandum presents four recommendations aimed at strengthening the principles of AI model reliability and AI model governability, as DoW, ODNI, NIST, and CAISI refine AI assurance frameworks under the AI Action Plan. Our focus…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Matteo Pistillo , Charlotte Stix

The issues of AI risk and AI safety are becoming critical as the prospect of artificial general intelligence (AGI) looms larger. The emergence of extremely large and capable generative models has led to alarming predictions and created a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Ali A. Minai

AI alignment research aims to develop techniques to ensure that AI systems do not cause harm. However, every alignment technique has failure modes, which are conditions in which there is a non-negligible chance that the technique fails to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Leonard Dung , Florian Mai

This vision paper presents initial research on assessing the robustness and reliability of AI-enabled systems, and key factors in ensuring their safety and effectiveness in practical applications, including a focus on accountability. By…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Filippo Scaramuzza , Damian A. Tamburri , Willem-Jan van den Heuvel

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply integrated into critical infrastructures and everyday life, ensuring its safe deployment is one of humanity's most urgent challenges. Current AI models prioritize task optimization over safety,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Joshua T. S. Hewson

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most transformative technologies of the 21st century. The extent and scope of future AI capabilities remain a key uncertainty, with widespread disagreement on timelines and potential impacts. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Kyle A. Kilian , Christopher J. Ventura , Mark M. Bailey

The increased adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents an opportunity to solve many socio-economic and environmental challenges; however, this cannot happen without securing AI-enabled technologies. In recent years, most AI models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Ayodeji Oseni , Nour Moustafa , Helge Janicke , Peng Liu , Zahir Tari , Athanasios Vasilakos

Alignment of artificial intelligence (AI) encompasses the normative problem of specifying how AI systems should act and the technical problem of ensuring AI systems comply with those specifications. To date, AI alignment has generally…

An impossibility theorem demonstrates that a particular problem or set of problems cannot be solved as described in the claim. Such theorems put limits on what is possible to do concerning artificial intelligence, especially the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Mario Brcic , Roman V. Yampolskiy

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly, and companies are shifting their focus to developing generalist AI systems that can autonomously act and pursue goals. Increases in capabilities and autonomy may soon massively amplify…

As AI systems become more capable, widely deployed, and increasingly autonomous in critical areas such as cybersecurity, biological research, and healthcare, ensuring their safety and alignment with human values is paramount. Machine…

As the real-world impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems has been steadily growing, so too have these systems come under increasing scrutiny. In response, the study of AI fairness has rapidly developed into a rich field of research…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

AI is poised to revolutionize telecommunication networks by boosting efficiency, automation, and decision-making. However, the black-box nature of most AI models introduces substantial risk, possibly deterring adoption by network operators.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Osvaldo Simeone , Sangwoo Park , Matteo Zecchin

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), including AI in Science (AIS), should be done following the principles of responsible AI. Progress in responsible AI is often quantified through evaluation metrics, yet there has been less…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Theresia Veronika Rampisela , Maria Maistro , Tuukka Ruotsalo , Christina Lioma

In the rapidly evolving field of cybersecurity, ensuring the reproducibility of AI-driven research is critical to maintaining the reliability and integrity of security systems. This paper addresses the reproducibility crisis within the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Richard H. Moulton , Gary A. McCully , John D. Hastings