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This paper presents \textbf{BlockFLEX}, an adaptive and survivable architecture with a hierarchical routing scheme for Low Earth Orbit satellite networks, designed to address dynamic topology changes and severe link failures. By organizing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Xiangtong Wang

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication networks have been considered as promising solutions to providing high data rate and seamless coverage, where satellite beam management plays a key role. However, due to the limitation of beam…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jianfeng Zhu , Yaohua Sun , Mugen Peng

Future satellite networks are expected to have thousands of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites orbiting Earth at very high speeds. User equipment (UE) communicating directly with LEO satellites will experience frequent handovers. Managing the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Mohamed Hozayen , Tasneem Darwish , Gunes Karabulut , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Despite significant advancements in terrestrial networks, inherent limitations persist in providing reliable coverage to remote areas and maintaining resilience during natural disasters. Multi-tier networks with low Earth orbit (LEO)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jiahui Li , Geng Sun , Zemin Sun , Jiacheng Wang , Yinqiu Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Dusit Niyato , Shiwen Mao

This paper investigates the application of a unified non-orthogonal multiple access framework in beam hopping (U-NOMA-BH) based satellite communication systems. More specifically, the proposed U-NOMA-BH framework can be applied to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Xuyang Zhang , Xinwei Yue , Tian Li , Zhihao Han , Yafei Wang , Yong Ding , Rongke Liu

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations, each comprising a large number of satellites, have become a new source of big data "from the sky". Downloading such data to a ground station (GS) for big data analytics demands very high bandwidth and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Mohamed Elmahallawy , Tie Luo

Networked low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations enabled by inter-satellite links offer a promising path toward ubiquitous broadband non-terrestrial services. However, fast orbital motion induces frequent scheduling updates and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Yuchen Zhang , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites play an essential role in intelligent Earth observation by leveraging artificial intelligence models. However, limited onboard memory and excessive inference delay prevent the practical deployment of large…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Songge Zhang , Wen Wu , Liang Li , Ye Wang , Xuemin , Shen

Multi-beam low earth orbit (LEO) satellites are emerging as key components in beyond 5G and 6G to provide global coverage and high data rate. To fully unleash the potential of LEO satellite communication, resource management plays a key…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Shuo Yuan , Yaohua Sun , Mugen Peng , Renzhi Yuan

Next-generation satellite systems require more flexibility in resource management such that available radio resources can be dynamically allocated to meet time-varying and non-uniform traffic demands. Considering potential benefits of beam…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Anyue Wang , Lei Lei , Eva Lagunas , Ana I. Perez-Neira , Symeon Chatzinotas , Bjorn Ottersten

This article investigates the energy efficiency issue in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-enhanced Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks, where a mobile unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is exploited as a flying base station to collect data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-17 Jingjing Zhao , Kaiquan Cai , Yanbo Zhu

Modern Earth Observation (EO) missions generate massive volumes of imagery that challenge existing downlink and ground-processing capabilities, particularly for time-critical applications. This work investigates how a low Earth orbit (LEO)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Beatriz Soret , Antonio M. Mercado-Martínez , Antonio Jurado-Navas , Nicolai D. Lyholm , Marco Moretti , Petar Popovski , Israel Leyva-Mayorga

This paper investigates the localization, synchronization, and speed estimation of a mobile user equipment (UE) leveraging integrated terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), in particular low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. We focus…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Yasaman Ettefagh , Sharief Saleh , Musa Furkan Keskin , Hui Chen , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Henk Wymeersch

The possibility of jointly optimizing location sensing and communication resources, facilitated by the existence of communication and sensing spectrum sharing, is what promotes the system performance to a higher level. However, the rapid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-29 Haijun Zhang , Bowen Chen , Xiangnan Liu , Chao Ren

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications (SATCOM) with ubiquitous global connectivity is deemed a pivotal catalyst in advancing wireless communication systems for 5G and beyond. LEO SATCOM excels in delivering versatile information…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Jaehyup Seong , Juha Park , Dong-Hyun Jung , Jeonghun Park , Wonjae Shin

The use of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in the next generation (Next-G) communication systems has been gaining traction over the last few years due to their potential for providing global connectivity with low latency. Since they are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Sambrama , Venkata Srirama Rohit Kantheti , Liang C Chu , Erik Blasch , Shih-Chun Lin

This paper proposes a relay satellite assisted low earth orbit (LEO) constellation non-orthogonal multiple access combined beamforming (R-NOMA-BF) communication system, where multiple antenna LEO satellites deliver information to ground…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Xuyang Zhang , Xinwei Yue , Zhihao Han , Tian Li , Xia Shen , Yafei Wang , Rongke Liu

Distributed massive multiple-input multiple output (mMIMO) system for low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks is introduced as a promising technique to provide broadband connectivity. Nevertheless, several challenges persist in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Khaled Humadi , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Recent advancements in low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites aim to bring resilience, ubiquitous, and high-quality service to future Internet infrastructure. However, the soaring number of space assets, increasing dynamics of LEO satellites and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Peng Hu

Low earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellations, integrating government space systems and commercial practices, have emerged as enabling technologies for the sixth generation (6G) networks due to their good merits of global coverage and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Lin Shih-Chun , Lin Chia-Hung , Chu Liang C. , Lien Shao-Yu