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This paper studies the problem of post-hoc calibration of machine learning classifiers. We introduce the following desiderata for uncertainty calibration: (a) accuracy-preserving, (b) data-efficient, and (c) high expressive power. We show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Jize Zhang , Bhavya Kailkhura , T. Yong-Jin Han

Rigorous statistical methods, including parameter estimation with accompanying uncertainties, underpin the validity of scientific discovery, especially in the natural sciences. With increasingly complex data models such as deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Aurora Grefsrud , Nello Blaser , Trygve Buanes

Calibrating the confidence of supervised learning models is important for a variety of contexts where the certainty over predictions should be reliable. However, it has been reported that deep neural network models are often too poorly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-23 Changjian Shui , Azadeh Sadat Mozafari , Jonathan Marek , Ihsen Hedhli , Christian Gagné

When adapting ICL with or without fine-tuning, we are curious about whether the instruction-tuned language model is able to achieve well-calibrated results without suffering from the problem of overconfidence (i.e., miscalibration)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Chengzu Li , Han Zhou , Goran Glavaš , Anna Korhonen , Ivan Vulić

We study the problem of supervised learning for both binary and multiclass classification from a unified geometric perspective. In particular, we propose a geometric regularization technique to find the submanifold corresponding to a robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-12 Qinxun Bai , Steven Rosenberg , Zheng Wu , Stan Sclaroff

In this paper we address imbalanced binary classification (IBC) tasks. Applying resampling strategies to balance the class distribution of training instances is a common approach to tackle these problems. Many state-of-the-art methods find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Vitor Cerqueira , Luis Torgo , Paula Branco , Colin Bellinger

Probabilistic learning is increasingly being tackled as an optimization problem, with gradient-based approaches as predominant methods. When modelling multivariate likelihoods, a usual but undesirable outcome is that the learned model fits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Adrián Javaloy , Isabel Valera

Current traditional methods for LiDAR-camera extrinsics estimation depend on offline targets and human efforts, while learning-based approaches resort to iterative refinement for calibration results, posing constraints on their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Shuang Xu , Sifan Zhou , Zhi Tian , Jizhou Ma , Qiong Nie , Xiangxiang Chu

How to improve discriminative feature learning is central in classification. Existing works address this problem by explicitly increasing inter-class separability and intra-class similarity, whether by constructing positive and negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Qingsong Zhao , Yi Wang , Shuguang Dou , Chen Gong , Yin Wang , Cairong Zhao

Quantifying uncertainty of predictions has been identified as one way to develop more trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) models beyond conventional reporting of performance metrics. When considering their role in a clinical decision…

Calibration is crucial in deep learning applications, especially in fields like healthcare and autonomous driving, where accurate confidence estimates are vital for decision-making. However, deep neural networks often suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Linwei Tao , Haolan Guo , Minjing Dong , Chang Xu

The deployment of machine learning classifiers in high-stakes domains requires well-calibrated confidence scores for model predictions. In this paper we introduce the notion of variable-based calibration to characterize calibration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Markelle Kelly , Padhraic Smyth

We propose a novel methodology for general multi-class classification in arbitrary feature spaces, which results in a potentially well-calibrated classifier. Calibrated classifiers are important in many applications because, in addition to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-22 Raoul Heese , Jochen Schmid , Michał Walczak , Michael Bortz

Class imbalance, overlap, and noise degrade data quality, reduce model reliability, and limit generalization. Although widely studied in binary classification, these issues remain underexplored in multi-class settings, where complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Soufiane Bacha , Laouni Djafri , Sahraoui Dhelim , Huansheng Ning

A solution to control for nonresponse bias consists of multiplying the design weights of respondents by the inverse of estimated response probabilities to compensate for the nonrespondents. Maximum likelihood and calibration are two…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-27 Caren Hasler

Recent advances in deep learning have shown that uncertainty estimation is becoming increasingly important in applications such as medical imaging, natural language processing, and autonomous systems. However, accurately quantifying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Uddeshya Upadhyay , Jae Myung Kim , Cordelia Schmidt , Bernhard Schölkopf , Zeynep Akata

In online advertising, uncertainty calibration aims to adjust a ranking model's probability predictions to better approximate the true likelihood of an event, e.g., a click or a conversion. However, existing calibration approaches may lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Quanyu Dai , Jiaren Xiao , Zhaocheng Du , Jieming Zhu , Chengxiao Luo , Xiao-Ming Wu , Zhenhua Dong

In-Context Learning (ICL) is suffering from unsatisfactory performance and under-calibration due to high prior bias and unfaithful confidence. Some previous works fine-tuned language models for better ICL performance with enormous datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Yufeng Zhao , Yoshihiro Sakai , Naoya Inoue

Time-to-event data is widespread across the life sciences and engineering, but it is typically encountered together with censoring, which complicates the application of standard machine learning methods. Deep Cox models have emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Anchit Jain , Kevin Zhang , Stephen Bates

Insurance pricing systems should fulfill the auto-calibration property to ensure that there is no systematic cross-financing between different price cohorts. Often, regression models are not auto-calibrated. We propose to apply isotonic…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-10 Mario V. Wüthrich , Johanna Ziegel