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Eye-hand coordinated interaction is becoming a mainstream interaction modality in Virtual Reality (VR) user interfaces.Current paradigms for this multimodal interaction require users to learn predefined gestures and memorize multiple…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhimin Wang , Chenyu Gu , Feng Lu

We present a Collaborative Agent-Based Framework for Multi-Image Reasoning. Our approach tackles the challenge of interleaved multimodal reasoning across diverse datasets and task formats by employing a dual-agent system: a language-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Angelos Vlachos , Giorgos Filandrianos , Maria Lymperaiou , Nikolaos Spanos , Ilias Mitsouras , Vasileios Karampinis , Athanasios Voulodimos

Recent research on medical MLLMs has gradually shifted its focus from image-level understanding to fine-grained, pixel-level comprehension. Although segmentation serves as the foundation for pixel-level understanding, existing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yankai Jiang , Qiaoru Li , Binlu Xu , Haoran Sun , Chao Ding , Junting Dong , Yuxiang Cai , Xuhong Zhang , Jianwei Yin

Photo retouching is integral to photographic art, extending far beyond simple technical fixes to heighten emotional expression and narrative depth. While artists leverage expertise to create unique visual effects through deliberate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Haoyu Chen , Keda Tao , Yizao Wang , Xinlei Wang , Lei Zhu , Jinjin Gu

Vision-language-action (VLA) reasoning tasks require agents to interpret multimodal instructions, perform long-horizon planning, and act adaptively in dynamic environments. Existing approaches typically train VLA models in an end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Chi-Pin Huang , Yueh-Hua Wu , Min-Hung Chen , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Fu-En Yang

The ability for AI agents to "think with images" requires a sophisticated blend of reasoning and perception. However, current open multimodal agents still largely fall short on the reasoning aspect crucial for real-world tasks like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Kaican Li , Lewei Yao , Jiannan Wu , Tiezheng Yu , Jierun Chen , Haoli Bai , Lu Hou , Lanqing Hong , Wei Zhang , Nevin L. Zhang

We propose a model-free deep reinforcement learning method that leverages a small amount of demonstration data to assist a reinforcement learning agent. We apply this approach to robotic manipulation tasks and train end-to-end visuomotor…

Video understanding with multimodal large language models (MLLMs) remains challenging due to the long token sequences of videos, which contain extensive temporal dependencies and redundant frames. Existing approaches typically treat MLLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yaolun Zhang , Ruohui Wang , Jiahao Wang , Yepeng Tang , Xuanyu Zheng , Haonan Duan , Hao Lu , Hanming Deng , Lewei Lu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in multimodal tasks. Despite their impressive performance, MLLMs suffer from the modality imbalance issue, where visual information is often underutilized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hengzhuang Li , Xinsong Zhang , Qiming Peng , Bin Luo , Han Hu , Dengyang Jiang , Han-Jia Ye , Teng Zhang , Hai Jin

Vision-as-inverse-graphics, the concept of reconstructing images into editable programs, remains challenging for Vision-Language Models (VLMs), which inherently lack fine-grained spatial grounding in one-shot settings. To address this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shaofeng Yin , Jiaxin Ge , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Chenyang Wang , Xiuyu Li , Michael J. Black , Trevor Darrell , Angjoo Kanazawa , Haiwen Feng

We present the first loss agent, dubbed LossAgent, for low-level image processing tasks, e.g., image super-resolution and restoration, intending to achieve any customized optimization objectives of low-level image processing in different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Bingchen Li , Xin Li , Yiting Lu , Zhibo Chen

Vision-language agents that orchestrate specialized tools for image restoration (IR) have emerged as a promising method, yet most existing frameworks operate in a training-free manner. They rely on heuristic task scheduling and exhaustive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yisheng Zhang , Guoli Jia , Haote Hu , Shanxu Zhao , Kaikai Zhao , Long Sun , Xinwei Long , Kai Tian , Che Jiang , Zhaoxiang Liu , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian , Kaiyan Zhang , Bowen Zhou

Accurate visual understanding is imperative for advancing autonomous systems and intelligent robots. Despite the powerful capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs) in processing complex visual scenes, precisely recognizing obscured or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Huaxiang Zhang , Yaojia Mu , Guo-Niu Zhu , Zhongxue Gan

A key challenge in training Vision-Language Model (VLM) agents, compared to Language Model (LLM) agents, lies in the shift from textual states to complex visual observations. This transition introduces partial observability and demands…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) often yield inconsistent descriptions of the same object across viewpoints, hindering the ability of embodied agents to construct consistent semantic representations over time. Previous methods resolved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tommaso Galliena , Stefano Rosa , Tommaso Apicella , Pietro Morerio , Alessio Del Bue , Lorenzo Natale

Video understanding is fundamental to tasks such as action recognition, video reasoning, and robotic control. Early video understanding methods based on large vision-language models (LVLMs) typically adopt a single-pass reasoning paradigm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yiyang Zhou , Yangfan He , Yaofeng Su , Siwei Han , Joel Jang , Gedas Bertasius , Mohit Bansal , Huaxiu Yao

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Visual Language Models (VLMs) are attracting increasing interest due to their improving performance and applications across various domains and tasks. However, LLMs and VLMs can produce erroneous results,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Michele Brienza , Francesco Argenziano , Vincenzo Suriani , Domenico D. Bloisi , Daniele Nardi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored for building Agents capable of active environmental interaction (e.g., via tool use) to solve complex problems. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is considered a key technology with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mingyue Cheng , Jie Ouyang , Shuo Yu , Ruiran Yan , Yucong Luo , Zirui Liu , Daoyu Wang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Engineering design problems often involve large state and action spaces along with highly sparse rewards. Since an exhaustive search of those spaces is not feasible, humans utilize relevant domain knowledge to condense the search space.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Ayush Raina , Lucas Puentes , Jonathan Cagan , Christopher McComb

Visual Retrieval-Augmented Generation (VRAG) enhances Vision-Language Models (VLMs) by incorporating external visual documents to address a given query. Existing VRAG frameworks usually depend on rigid, pre-defined external tools to extend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yuqi Xiong , Chunyi Peng , Zhipeng Xu , Zhenghao Liu , Zulong Chen , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Yu Gu , Ge Yu