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The control of traffic signals is crucial for improving transportation efficiency. Recently, learning-based methods, especially Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), garnered substantial success in the quest for more efficient traffic signal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Xiao-Cheng Liao , Yi Mei , Mengjie Zhang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are a contemporary solution for semantic segmentation and are usually trained to operate on a predefined closed set of classes. In open-set environments, it is possible to encounter semantically unknown objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jurica Runtas , Tomislav Petkovic

The escalating landscape of cyber threats, characterized by the registration of thousands of new domains daily for large-scale Internet attacks such as spam, phishing, and drive-by downloads, underscores the imperative for innovative…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Furkan Çolhak , Mert İlhan Ecevit , Hasan Dağ , Reiner Creutzburg

The persistent threat posed by malicious domain names in cyber-attacks underscores the urgent need for effective detection mechanisms. Traditional machine learning methods, while capable of identifying such domains, often suffer from high…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Daiki Chiba , Hiroki Nakano , Takashi Koide

In recent years, the amount of Cyber Security data generated in the form of unstructured texts, for example, social media resources, blogs, articles, and so on has exceptionally increased. Named Entity Recognition (NER) is an initial step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Simran K , Sriram S , Vinayakumar R , Soman KP

Robust network security systems are essential to prevent and mitigate the harming effects of the ever-growing occurrence of network attacks. In recent years, machine learning-based systems have gain popularity for network security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Gonzalo Marín , Pedro Casas , Germán Capdehourat

Botnets represent a global problem and are responsible for causing large financial and operational damage to their victims. They are implemented with evasion in mind, and aim at hiding their architecture and authors, making them difficult…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-11-03 Pedro Camelo , Joao Moura , Ludwig Krippahl

Domain classification is the task of mapping spoken language utterances to one of the natural language understanding domains in intelligent personal digital assistants (IPDAs). This is a major component in mainstream IPDAs in industry.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Han Li , Jihwan Lee , Sidharth Mudgal , Ruhi Sarikaya , Young-Bum Kim

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are one of the most harmful threats in today's Internet, disrupting the availability of essential services. The challenge of DDoS detection is the combination of attack approaches coupled with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Roberto Doriguzzi-Corin , Stuart Millar , Sandra Scott-Hayward , Jesus Martinez-del-Rincon , Domenico Siracusa

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated strong performance across tasks such as node classification, link prediction, and graph classification, but remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks that implant imperceptible triggers during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xiaobao Wang , Ruoxiao Sun , Yujun Zhang , Bingdao Feng , Dongxiao He , Luzhi Wang , Di Jin

We propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) based deep learning method that serves the dual role of both identification and mitigation of cyber-attacks in wide-area damping control loops of power systems. Two specific types of attacks…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-09 Jishnudeep Kar , Aranya Chakrabortty

Deep learning techniques have been widely used in autonomous driving systems for the semantic understanding of urban scenes. However, they need a huge amount of labeled data for training, which is difficult and expensive to acquire. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Umberto Michieli , Matteo Biasetton , Gianluca Agresti , Pietro Zanuttigh

Generative AI is reshaping offensive cybersecurity by enabling autonomous red team agents that can plan, execute, and adapt during penetration tests. However, existing approaches face trade-offs between generality and specialization, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Strahinja Janjusevic , Anna Baron Garcia , Sohrob Kazerounian

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) presents new security challenges, particularly in detecting machine-generated text used for misinformation, impersonation, and content forgery. Most existing detection approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Siyuan Li , Aodu Wulianghai , Guangyan Li , Xi Lin , Qinghua Mao , Yuliang Chen , Jun Wu , Jianhua Li

Domain Name System (DNS) is the backbone of the Internet. However, threat actors have abused the antiquated protocol to facilitate command-and-control (C2) actions, to tunnel, or to exfiltrate sensitive information in novel ways. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Adam Dorian Wong

Detecting security vulnerabilities in software before they are exploited has been a challenging problem for decades. Traditional code analysis methods have been proposed, but are often ineffective and inefficient. In this work, we model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Noah Ziems , Shaoen Wu

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) are becoming increasingly more important in assisted and automated driving. Using such entities which are obtained using machine learning is inevitable: tasks such as recognizing traffic signs cannot be developed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Akshay Dhonthi , Ernst Moritz Hahn , Vahid Hashemi

Command and control (C2) channels are an essential component of many types of cyber attacks, as they enable attackers to remotely control their malware-infected machines and execute harmful actions, such as propagating malicious code across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Cheng Wang , Christopher Redino , Abdul Rahman , Ryan Clark , Daniel Radke , Tyler Cody , Dhruv Nandakumar , Edward Bowen

In this paper we introduce an intrusion detection system for Denial of Service (DoS) attacks against Domain Name System (DNS). Our system architecture consists of two most important parts: a statistical preprocessor and a neural network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-12-10 Samaneh Rastegari , M. Iqbal Saripan , Mohd Fadlee A. Rasid

Malware detection has become a major concern due to the increasing number and complexity of malware. Traditional detection methods based on signatures and heuristics are used for malware detection, but unfortunately, they suffer from poor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Tristan Bilot , Nour El Madhoun , Khaldoun Al Agha , Anis Zouaoui