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The spread of autonomous systems into safety-critical areas has increased the demand for their formal verification, not only due to stronger certification requirements but also to public uncertainty over these new technologies. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Maryam Kamali , Sven Linker , Michael Fisher

Employing Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication to enhance perception performance in self-driving technology has attracted considerable attention recently; however, the absence of a suitable open dataset for benchmarking algorithms has made it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Runsheng Xu , Hao Xiang , Xin Xia , Xu Han , Jinlong Li , Jiaqi Ma

Understanding how people view and interact with autonomous vehicles is important to guide future directions of research. One such way of aiding understanding is through simulations of virtual environments involving people and autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-27 John Charlton , Luis Rene Montana Gonzalez , Steve Maddock , Paul Richmond

Simulation is one of the most essential parts in the development stage of automotive software. However, purely virtual simulations often struggle to accurately capture all real-world factors due to limitations in modeling. To address this…

As the development of autonomous driving (AD) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) progresses, the relevance of the comfort of users is gaining increasing interest. It becomes significant to test and validate perceived comfort…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Felix Bognar , Markus Oster , Herman Van der Auweraer , Tong Duy Son

Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) use complex decision-making (DM) models with multimodal sensory inputs, making rigorous validation and verification (V&V) essential for safety and reliability. These models pose challenges in diagnosing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Halit Eris , Stefan Wagner

The connected vehicle technology is a remarkable trend in the field of the intelligent transportation system. Since the actual deployment of the connected vehicle system is still lacking hitherto, simulation is widely adopted as the major…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Weitong Zhang , Shuai Liu , Daoya Yao

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are being rapidly introduced into our lives. However, public misunderstanding and mistrust have become prominent issues hindering the acceptance of these driverless technologies. The primary objective of this study…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zhijie Qiao , Helen Loeb , Venkata Gurrla , Matt Lebermann , Johannes Betz , Rahul Mangharam

Societal-scale deployment of autonomous vehicles requires them to coexist with human drivers, necessitating mutual understanding and coordination among these entities. However, purely real-world or simulation-based experiments cannot be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Venkat Narayan Krovi

Simulation is a fundamental tool in developing autonomous vehicles, enabling rigorous testing without the logistical and safety challenges associated with real-world trials. As autonomous vehicle technologies evolve and public safety…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yuankai He , Hanlin Chen , Weisong Shi

Autonomous driving has now made great strides thanks to artificial intelligence, and numerous advanced methods have been proposed for vehicle end target detection, including single sensor or multi sensor detection methods. However, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Xiuyu Yang , Zhuangyan Zhang , Haikuo Du , Sui Yang , Fengping Sun , Yanbo Liu , Ling Pei , Wenchao Xu , Weiqi Sun , Zhengyu Li

The capability afforded by Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication improves situational awareness and provides advantages for many of the traffic problems caused by reduced visibility or No-Line-of-Sight situations, being useful for both…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-02 Sukru Yaren Gelbal , Mustafa Ridvan Cantas , Bilin Aksun Guvenc , Levent Guvenc

This survey analyzes intermediate fusion methods in collaborative perception for autonomous driving, categorized by real-world challenges. We examine various methods, detailing their features and the evaluation metrics they employ. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Melih Yazgan , Thomas Graf , Min Liu , Tobias Fleck , J. Marius Zoellner

Accurately perceiving complex driving environments is essential for ensuring the safe operation of autonomous vehicles. With the tremendous progress in deep learning and communication technologies, cooperative perception with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-10 An Guo , Xinyu Gao , Chunrong Fang , Haoxiang Tian , Weisong Sun , Yanzhou Mu , Shuncheng Tang , Lei Ma , Zhenyu Chen

Collaborative perception has attracted growing interest from academia and industry due to its potential to enhance perception accuracy, safety, and robustness in autonomous driving through multi-agent information fusion. With the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Naibang Wang , Deyong Shang , Yan Gong , Xiaoxi Hu , Ziying Song , Lei Yang , Yuhan Huang , Xiaoyu Wang , Jianli Lu

Autonomous vehicles are increasingly introduced into our lives. Yet, people's misunderstanding and mistrust have become the major obstacles to the use of these technologies. In response to this problem, proper work must be done to increase…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zhijie Qiao , Xiatao Sun , Helen Loeb , Rahul Mangharam

Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology is advancing rapidly, promising a significant shift in road transportation safety and potentially resolving various complex transportation issues. With the increasing deployment of AVs by various…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Ahmed Abdelrahman

As the era of autonomous cyber-physical systems (ACPSs), such as unmanned aerial vehicles and self-driving cars, unfolds, the demand for robust testing methodologies is key to realizing the adoption of such systems in real-world scenarios.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Christian Birchler , Sajad Khatiri , Pooja Rani , Timo Kehrer , Sebastiano Panichella

Safety is one of the main challenges that prohibit autonomous vehicles (AV), requiring them to be well tested ahead of being allowed on the road. In comparison with road tests, simulators allow us to validate the AV conveniently and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-28 John Seymour , Dac-Thanh-Chuong Ho , Quang-Hung Luu

Self-driving cars have the potential to revolutionize transportation, but ensuring their safety remains a significant challenge. These systems must navigate a variety of unexpected scenarios on the road, and their complexity poses…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Tony Zhang , Burak Kantarci , Umair Siddique