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Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, yet their propensity for hallucination, generating plausible but factually incorrect or fabricated content, remains a critical challenge. This report provides a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Manuel Cossio

Contemporary Text-to-Image (T2I) models frequently depend on qualitative human evaluations to assess the consistency between synthesized images and the text prompts. There is a demand for quantitative and automatic evaluation tools, given…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Ziyuan Qin , Dongjie Cheng , Haoyu Wang , Huahui Yi , Yuting Shao , Zhiyuan Fan , Kang Li , Qicheng Lao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, revolutionizing the integration of AI in daily life applications. However, they are prone to hallucinations, generating claims that contradict established facts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 A B M Ashikur Rahman , Saeed Anwar , Muhammad Usman , Ajmal Mian

Hallucination poses a persistent challenge for multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, existing benchmarks for evaluating hallucinations are generally static, which may overlook the potential risk of data contamination. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yahan Tu , Rui Hu , Jitao Sang

Self-supervised learning is crucial for super-resolution because ground-truth images are usually unavailable for real-world settings. Existing methods derive self-supervision from low-resolution images by creating pseudo-pairs or by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Yuehan Zhang , Angela Yao

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant interest in AI community. Despite their impressive generation capabilities, they have been found to produce misleading or fabricated information, a phenomenon known as hallucinations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wenyun Li , Zheng Zhang , Dongmei Jiang , Xiangyuan Lan

Machine learning techniques work best when the data used for training resembles the data used for evaluation. This holds true for learned single-image denoising algorithms, which are applied to real raw camera sensor readings but, due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Tim Brooks , Ben Mildenhall , Tianfan Xue , Jiawen Chen , Dillon Sharlet , Jonathan T. Barron

Deep learning methods are widely used for medical applications to assist medical doctors in their daily routines. While performances reach expert's level, interpretability (highlight how and what a trained model learned and why it makes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Antoine Pirovano , Hippolyte Heuberger , Sylvain Berlemont , Saïd Ladjal , Isabelle Bloch

Hallucinations in vision-language models (VLMs) hinder reliability and real-world applicability, usually stemming from distribution shifts between pretraining data and test samples. Existing solutions, such as retraining or fine-tuning on…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Fei Zhao , Chengcui Zhang , Runlin Zhang , Tianyang Wang , Xi Li

Multi-round incomplete information tasks are crucial for evaluating the lateral thinking capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Currently, research primarily relies on multiple benchmarks and automated evaluation metrics to assess…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Wenhan Dong , Tianyi Hu , Jingyi Zheng , Zhen Sun , Yuemeng Zhao , Yule Liu , Xinlei He , Xinyi Huang

Legal practice has witnessed a sharp rise in products incorporating artificial intelligence (AI). Such tools are designed to assist with a wide range of core legal tasks, from search and summarization of caselaw to document drafting. But…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Varun Magesh , Faiz Surani , Matthew Dahl , Mirac Suzgun , Christopher D. Manning , Daniel E. Ho

Many anomaly detection approaches, especially deep learning methods, have been recently developed to identify abnormal image morphology by only employing normal images during training. Unfortunately, many prior anomaly detection methods…

Benchmarks measure whether a model is correct. They do not measure whether a model is reliable. This distinction is largely academic for single-shot inference, but becomes critical for agentic AI systems, where a single rephrased prompt can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Aaron R. Flouro , Shawn P. Chadwick

Recursive Self-Improvement (RSI) enables intelligence systems to autonomously refine their capabilities. This paper explores the application of RSI in text-to-image diffusion models, addressing the challenge of training collapse caused by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Xulu Zhang , Xiaoyong Wei , Jinlin Wu , Jiaxin Wu , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Zhen Lei , Qing Li

Hallucination detection is critical for deploying large language models (LLMs) in real-world applications. Existing hallucination detection methods achieve strong performance when the training and test data come from the same domain, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yongxin Deng , Zhen Fang , Sharon Li , Ling Chen

We deal with the problem of information fusion driven satellite image/scene classification and propose a generic hallucination architecture considering that all the available sensor information are present during training while some of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Saurabh Kumar , Biplab Banerjee , Subhasis Chaudhuri

Hallucination is a persistent challenge in large language models (LLMs), where even with rigorous quality control, models often generate distorted facts. This paradox, in which error generation continues despite high-quality training data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yuji Zhang , Sha Li , Cheng Qian , Jiateng Liu , Pengfei Yu , Chi Han , Yi R. Fung , Kathleen McKeown , Chengxiang Zhai , Manling Li , Heng Ji

Hallucination in text summarization refers to the phenomenon where the model generates information that is not supported by the input source document. Hallucination poses significant obstacles to the accuracy and reliability of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Tohida Rehman , Ronit Mandal , Abhishek Agarwal , Debarshi Kumar Sanyal

The paradigm of self-supervision focuses on representation learning from raw data without the need of labor-consuming annotations, which is the main bottleneck of current data-driven methods. Self-supervision tasks are often used to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Shuai Chen , Subhradeep Kayal , Marleen de Bruijne

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems remain susceptible to hallucinations despite grounding in retrieved evidence. While current detection methods leverage embedding similarity and natural language inference (NLI), their reliability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Debu Sinha
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