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Distance duality relation (DDR) marks a fundamental difference between expanding and nonexpanding Universes, as an expanding metric causes angular diameter distance smaller than luminosity distance by an extra factor of $(1+z)$. Here we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-29 Pengfei Li

The first observational evidence for cosmic acceleration appeared from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Type Ia) Hubble diagram from two different groups. However, the empirical treatment of SNe Type Ia and their ability to show cosmic acceleration…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-01 Darshan Kumar , Akshay Rana , Deepak Jain , Shobhit Mahajan , Amitabha Mukherjee , R. F. L. Holanda

One of the fundamental results used in observational cosmology is the distance duality relation (DDR), which relates the luminosity distance, $D_L$, with angular diameter distance, $D_A$, at a given redshift $z$. We employ the observed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-01 Prabhakar Tiwari

We carry out a test of the fundamental Etherington relation (cosmic distance duality relation) which relates the luminosity distance $D_{\rm L}$ and angular diameter distance $D_{\rm A}$ in metric theories of gravity. We use the latest…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-06 Sourav Das , Surhud More , Shadab Alam

In this letter we propose a new and model-independent cosmological test for the distance-duality (DD) relation, \eta=D_{L}(z)(1+z)^{-2}/D_{A}(z)=1, where D_{L} and D_{A} are, respectively, the luminosity and angular diameter distances. For…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-01 R. F. L. Holanda , J. A. S. Lima , M. B. Ribeiro

In this paper, we test the cosmic distance duality (CDD) relation using the luminosity distances from joint light-curve analysis (JLA) type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) sample and angular diameter distance sample from galaxy clusters. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-02 J. Hu , F. Y. Wang

The cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR), eta(z)=(1+z)^2 d_A(z)/d_L(z)=1, is one of the most fundamental and crucial formulae in cosmology. This relation couples the luminosity and angular diameter distances, two of the most often used…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-10 Jin Qin , Fulvio Melia , Tong-Jie Zhang

We present a model independent method to test the consistency between cosmological measurements of distance and age, assuming the distance duality relation. We use type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, and observational Hubble…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Remya Nair , Sanjay Jhingan , Deepak Jain

Strong gravitational lensing time-delay measurements, together with the distance sum rule (DSR), offer a model-independent approach to probe the geometry and expansion of the universe without relying on a fiducial cosmological model. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-04 Darshan Kumar , Deepak Jain , Shobhit Mahajan

We investigate whether a violation of the distance duality relation (DDR), $D_L(z) = (1+z)^2 D_A(z)$, connecting the angular diameter and luminosity distances, can explain the Hubble tension and alter the evidence for dynamical dark energy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-15 Elsa M. Teixeira , William Giarè , Natalie B. Hogg , Thomas Montandon , Adèle Poudou , Vivian Poulin

Many new strong gravitational lensing (SGL) systems have been discovered in the last two decades with the advent of powerful new space and ground-based telescopes. The effect of the lens mass model (usually the power-law mass model) on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-01 F. S. Lima , R. F. L. Holanda , S. H. Pereira , W. J. C. da Silva

We use gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens, in addition to Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) mock data, to forecast constraints on the electromagnetic and gravitational distance duality relations (DDR). We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-15 Natalie B. Hogg , Matteo Martinelli , Savvas Nesseris

In this work, we investigate whether violations of the distance-duality relation (DDR) can resolve the multidimensional cosmic tensions characterized by the $H_0$ and $S_8$ discrepancies. Using the Fisher-bias formalism, we reconstruct…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-05 Zhihuan Zhou , Zhuang Miao , Rong Zhang , Hanbing Yang , Penghao Fu , Chaoqian Ai

We test the possible deviation of the cosmic distance duality relation $D_A(z)(1+z)^2/D_L(z)\equiv 1$ using the standard candles/rulers in a fully model-independent manner. Type-Ia supernovae are used as the standard candles to derive the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-14 Xin Li , Hai-Nan Lin

In this paper, we propose a new test to the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR), $D_L=D_A(1+z)^2$, where $D_L$ and $D_A$ are the luminosity and angular diameter distances, respectively. The data used correspond to 61 Type Ia Supernova…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-01 R. F. L. Holanda , L. R. Colaço , S. H. Pereira , R. Silva

Many researchers have performed cosmological-model-independent tests for the distance duality (DD) relation. Theoretical work has been conducted based on the results of these tests. However, we find that almost all of these tests were…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-25 Xi Yang , Hao-Ran Yu , Zhi-Song Zhang , Tong-Jie Zhang

The combination of independent cosmological datasets is a route towards precise and accurate inference of cosmological parameters if these observations are free from systematic effects. However, unknown systematics in different datasets can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-19 Samsuzzaman Afroz , Suvodip Mukherjee

Testing the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) constitutes an important task for cosmology and fundamental physics since any violation of it would be a clear evidence of new physics. In this {\it Letter}, we propose a new test for the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-29 R. F. L. Holanda , R. S. Goncalves , J. S. Alcaniz

We present a joint test of cosmic curvature, $\Omega_{k0}$, and the cosmic distance-duality relation (CDDR) using the Etherington relation, which connects the luminosity and angular diameter distances at the same redshift. In this work, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 Darshan Kumar , Jie Zheng , Zhi-Qiang You , Da-Chun Qiang

In cosmology, distances based on standard candles (e.g. supernovae) and standard rulers (e.g. baryon oscillations) agree as long as three conditions are met: (1) photon number is conserved, (2) gravity is described by a metric theory with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Bruce A. Bassett , Martin Kunz