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Currently, legal requirements demand that insurance companies increase their emphasis on monitoring the risks linked to the underwriting and asset management activities. Regarding underwriting risks, the main uncertainties that insurers…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-08-19 Eduardo Ramos-Pérez , Pablo J. Alonso-González , José Javier Núñez-Velázquez

AI alignment is about ensuring AI systems only pursue goals and activities that are beneficial to humans. Most of the current approach to AI alignment is to learn what humans value from their behavioural data. This paper proposes a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Pei-Yu Chen , Myrthe L. Tielman , Dirk K. J. Heylen , Catholijn M. Jonker , M. Birna van Riemsdijk

As industry reports claim agentic AI systems deliver double-digit productivity gains and multi-trillion dollar economic potential, the validity of these claims has become critical for investment decisions, regulatory policy, and responsible…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Kiana Jafari Meimandi , Gabriela Aránguiz-Dias , Grace Ra Kim , Lana Saadeddin , Allie Griffith , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Collaborative AI systems (CAISs) aim at working together with humans in a shared space to achieve a common goal. This critical setting yields hazardous circumstances that could harm human beings. Thus, building such systems with strong…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Jubril Gbolahan Adigun , Matteo Camilli , Michael Felderer , Andrea Giusti , Dominik T Matt , Anna Perini , Barbara Russo , Angelo Susi

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and autonomous driving technologies has significantly propelled the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs). However, psychological barriers continue to impede widespread AV adoption,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yandika Sirgabsou , Benjamin Hardin , François Leblanc , Efi Raili , Pericle Salvini , David Jackson , Marina Jirotka , Lars Kunze

Understanding and monitoring human behavior in metro stations play an important role in supporting suicide prevention efforts, where early identification of high-risk situations can enable timely intervention. This requires assessing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Safwen Naimi , Wassim Bouachir , Guillaume-Alexandre Bilodeau , Brian Mishara

The increasing deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical settings challenges foundational assumptions underlying traditional frameworks of medical evidence. Classical statistical approaches, centered on randomized controlled…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-07 Richik Chakraborty

The value-alignment problem for artificial intelligence (AI) asks how we can ensure that the 'values' (i.e., objective functions) of artificial systems are aligned with the values of humanity. In this paper, I argue that linguistic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Travis LaCroix

The recent development of powerful AI systems has highlighted the need for robust risk management frameworks in the AI industry. Although companies have begun to implement safety frameworks, current approaches often lack the systematic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Simeon Campos , Henry Papadatos , Fabien Roger , Chloé Touzet , Otter Quarks , Malcolm Murray

Safety has become the central value around which dominant AI governance efforts are being shaped. Recently, this culminated in the publication of the International AI Safety Report, written by 96 experts of which 30 nominated by the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Roel Dobbe

This study addresses the structural complexity and semantic ambiguity in stakeholder interactions within the Education-Industry Integration (EII) system. The scarcity of real interview data, absence of structured variable modeling, and lack…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Wei Meng

AI is now embedded in healthcare, finance, policy, and many other domains, yet genuine human-AI synergy - combined performance that exceeds what either party achieves alone - is uncommon. Meta-analyses show that AI assistance tends to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Tommaso Turchi , Ben Wilson , Matt Roach , Alan Dix , Alessio Malizia

Organizations investing in artificial intelligence face a fundamental challenge: traditional return on investment calculations fail to capture the dual nature of AI implementations, which simultaneously reduce certain operational risks…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hernan Huwyler

Assuring safety of artificial intelligence (AI) applied to safety-critical systems is of paramount importance. Especially since research in the field of automated driving shows that AI is able to outperform classical approaches, to handle…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Lars Ullrich , Michael Buchholz , Klaus Dietmayer , Knut Graichen

Algorithmic (including AI/ML) decision-making artifacts are an established and growing part of our decision-making ecosystem. They are indispensable tools for managing the flood of information needed to make effective decisions in a complex…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Osonde A. Osoba , Benjamin Boudreaux , Douglas Yeung

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to increasing concerns about the capability of AI systems to make decisions and behave responsibly. Responsible AI (RAI) refers to the development and use of AI systems that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Boming Xia , Qinghua Lu , Harsha Perera , Liming Zhu , Zhenchang Xing , Yue Liu , Jon Whittle

When fine-tuning pre-trained Language Models (LMs) to exhibit desired behaviors, maintaining control over risk is critical for ensuring both safety and trustworthiness. Most existing safety alignment methods, such as Safe RLHF and SACPO,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Lijun Zhang , Lin Li , Wei Wei , Yajie Qi , Huizhong Song , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang , Jiye Liang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have historically been used as tools that execute narrowly defined tasks. Yet recent advances in AI have unlocked possibilities for a new class of models that genuinely collaborate with humans in complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kerem Oktar , Katherine M. Collins , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , Diane Coyle , Stephen Cave , Adrian Weller , Ilia Sucholutsky

We consider that existing approaches to AI "safety" and "alignment" may not be using the most effective tools, teams, or approaches. We suggest that an alternative and better approach to the problem may be to treat alignment as a social…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-16 David Rostcheck , Lara Scheibling

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly, and companies are shifting their focus to developing generalist AI systems that can autonomously act and pursue goals. Increases in capabilities and autonomy may soon massively amplify…