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We explore the effects of social influence in a simple market model in which a large number of agents face a binary choice: 'to buy/not to buy' a single unit of a product at a price posted by a single seller (the monopoly case). We consider…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-12-02 Jean-Pierre Nadal , Denis Phan , Mirta B. Gordon , Jean Vannimenus

The security of most existing cryptocurrencies is based on a concept called Proof-of-Work, in which users must solve a computationally hard cryptopuzzle to authorize transactions (`one unit of computation, one vote'). This leads to enormous…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Jonah Brown-Cohen , Arvind Narayanan , Christos-Alexandros Psomas , S. Matthew Weinberg

We initiate the study of transaction fee mechanism design for blockchain protocols in which multiple block producers contribute to the production of each block. Our contributions include: - We propose an extensive-form (multi-stage) game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Pranav Garimidi , Lioba Heimbach , Tim Roughgarden

Offchain networks provide a promising solution to overcome the scalability challenges of cryptocurrencies. However, design tradeoffs of offchain networks are still not well-understood today. In particular, offchain networks typically rely…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Saar Tochner , Stefan Schmid

Off-chain transaction channels represent one of the leading techniques to scale the transaction throughput in cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. They allow multiple agents to route payments through one another. So far, the topology and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Yotam Sali , Aviv Zohar

A transaction fee mechanism (TFM) is an essential component of a blockchain protocol. However, a systematic evaluation of the real-world impact of TFMs is still absent. Using rich data from the Ethereum blockchain, the mempool, and…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-11 Yulin Liu , Yuxuan Lu , Kartik Nayak , Fan Zhang , Luyao Zhang , Yinhong Zhao

Reinforcement learning algorithms typically utilize an interactive simulator (i.e., environment) with a predefined reward function for policy training. Developing such simulators and manually defining reward functions, however, is often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Woo-Jin Ahn , Sang-Ryul Baek , Yong-Jun Lee , Hyun-Duck Choi , Myo-Taeg Lim

Around three quarters of Bitcoin transactions take place off-chain. Despite their significance, the vast majority of the empirical literature on cryptocurrencies focuses on on-chain transactions. This paper presents one of the first…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-10 Pavel Ciaian , d'Artis Kancs , Miroslava Rajcaniova

Mining processes of Bitcoin and similar cryptocurrencies are currently incentivized with voluntary transaction fees and fixed block rewards which will halve gradually to zero. In the setting where optional and arbitrary transaction fee…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Tiantian Gong , Mohsen Minaei , Wenhai Sun , Aniket Kate

The standard framework of online bidding algorithm design assumes that the seller commits himself to faithfully implementing the rules of the adopted auction. However, the seller may attempt to cheat in execution to increase his revenue if…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Qian Wang , Xuanzhi Xia , Zongjun Yang , Xiaotie Deng , Yuqing Kong , Zhilin Zhang , Liang Wang , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

Many early order flow auction designs handle the payment for orders when they execute on the chain rather than when they are won in the auction. Payments in these auctions only take place when the orders are executed, creating a free option…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-04-12 Max Resnick

Today, many auctions are carried out with the help of intermediary platforms like Google and eBay. We refer to such auctions as platform-assisted auctions.Traditionally, the auction theory literature mainly focuses on designing auctions…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Hao Chung , Ke Wu , Elaine Shi

We study auction design in a setting where agents can communicate over a censorship-resistant broadcast channel like the ones we can implement over a public blockchain. We seek to design credible, strategyproof auctions in a model that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Tarun Chitra , Matheus V. X. Ferreira , Kshitij Kulkarni

Motivated by the practical challenge in monitoring the performance of a large number of algorithmic trading orders, this paper provides a methodology that leads to automatic discovery of the causes that lie behind a poor trading…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2013-03-04 Robert Azencott , Arjun Beri , Yutheeka Gadhyan , Nicolas Joseph , Charles-Albert Lehalle , Matthew Rowley

In the Bitcoin system, miners are incentivized to join the system and validate transactions through fees paid by the users. A simple "pay your bid" auction has been employed to determine the transaction fees. Recently, Lavi, Sattath and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Andrew Chi-Chih Yao

Off-Chain transactions allow for the immediate transfer of Cryptocurrency between two parties, without delays or unavoidable transaction fees. Such capabilities are critical for mainstream Cryptocurrency adaption. They allow for the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-08-14 Leonard Apeltsin

Machine learning is critical for innovation and efficiency in financial markets, offering predictive models and data-driven decision-making. However, challenges such as missing data, lack of transparency, untimely updates, insecurity, and…

General Economics · Economics 2024-11-27 Jingfeng Chen , Wanlin Deng , Dangxing Chen , Luyao Zhang

Second-price auctions with deposits are frequently used in blockchain environments. An auction takes place on-chain: bidders deposit an amount that fully covers their bid (but possibly exceeds it) in a smart contract. The deposit is used as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Jan Christoph Schlegel , Akaki Mamageishvili

Algorithms increasingly automate bidding in online auctions, raising concerns about tacit bid suppression and revenue shortfalls. Prior work identifies individual mechanisms behind algorithmic bid suppression, but it remains unclear which…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-24 Pranjal Rawat

Auction-based recommender systems are prevalent in online advertising platforms, but they are typically optimized to allocate recommendation slots based on immediate expected return metrics, neglecting the downstream effects of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Ruiyang Xu , Jalaj Bhandari , Dmytro Korenkevych , Fan Liu , Yuchen He , Alex Nikulkov , Zheqing Zhu